3 Quality of Service (qos-scripts) configuration
4 ==============================================
6 include::uci_menu.inc[]
8 == Quality of Service configuration
10 This is the documentation for the UCI configuration file **'/etc/config/qos'**.
12 *WARNING*: 'luci-app-qos' won't start until you enable the 'qos' Initscript within the System-->Startup tab as well as enable qos under Network-->QoS
16 A minimal QoS configuration usually consists of:
18 * one _interface_ section
19 * some _rules_ allocating packets to at least two buckets
20 * _configuration_ of the buckets.
24 Each Interface can have its own buffer. The 'interface' section declares global characteristics of the connection on which the specified interface is communicating. The following options are defined within this section:
29 option classgroup "Default"
35 [cols="4*1,4",options="header"]
37 | Name | Type | Required | Default | Description
38 | 'enabled' | boolean | yes | '1' | Enable/Disable QoS
39 | 'classgroup' | string | yes | 'Default' | Specify 'classgroup' used for this interface (see description of 'classgroup' below)
40 | 'overhead' | boolean | yes | '1' | decrease upload and download ratio to prevent link saturation
41 | 'download' | integer | yes | '4096' | Download limit in 'kilobits/second'
42 | 'upload' | integer | yes | '512' | Upload limit in 'kilobits/second'
47 Each 'classify' section defines one group of packets and which target (i.e. bucket) this group belongs to. All the packets share the bucket specified.
49 [cols="4*1,4",options="header"]
51 | Name | Type | Required | Default | Description
52 | 'target' | bucket | yes | _(none)_ | The four defaults are: 'Priority, Express, Normal' and 'Bulk'
53 | 'proto' | string | no | '0' | Packets matching this protocol belong to the bucket defined in target
54 | 'srchost' | string | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this source host(s) (single IP or in CIDR notation) belong to the bucket defined in target
55 | 'dsthost' | string | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this destination host(s) (single IP or in CIDR notation) belong to the bucket defined in target
56 | 'ports' | integer | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
57 | 'srcports' | integer | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
58 | 'dstports' | integer | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
59 | 'portrange' | integer | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
60 | 'pktsize' | integer | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
61 | 'tcpflags' | string | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
62 | 'mark' | string | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
63 | 'connbytes' | int | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
64 | 'tos' | string | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
65 | 'dscp' | string | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this, belong to the bucket defined in target
66 | 'direction' | string | no | _(none)_ | Packets matching this traffic direction ('in' or 'out') belong to the bucket defined in target
71 As we can have more then one interface, we can have more then one classgroup.
74 config classgroup "Default"
75 option classes "Priority Express Normal Bulk"
76 option default "Normal"
79 [cols="4*1,4",options="header"]
81 | Name | Type | Required | Default | Description
82 | 'classes' | bucket names | yes | _(none)_ | Specifies the list of names of _classes_
83 | 'default' | bucket name | yes | _(none)_ | Defines which _class_ is considered default
89 Each Bucket has its own configuration.
94 option packetsize 1500
95 option packetdelay 100
100 [cols="4*1,4",options="header"]
102 | Name | Type | Required | Default | Description
103 | 'packetsize' | integer | yes | _(none)_ | in bytes
104 | 'packetdelay' | integer | yes | _(none)_ | in ms
105 | 'maxsize' | integer | yes | _(none)_ | in bytes
106 | 'avgrate' | integer | yes | _(none)_ | Average rate for this class, value in % of bandwidth (this value uses for calculate vaues 'Nx' of ''tc ... hfsc rt m1 N1 d N2 m2 N3'')
107 | 'limitrate' | integer | no | 100 | Defines to how much percent of the available bandwidth this class is capped to, value in %
108 | 'maxsize' | integer | yes | _(none)_ | in bytes
109 | 'priority' | integer | yes | _(none)_ | in %
112 === Classes (For Advanced Users)
114 Below is unverified technical breakdown of each /etc/config/qos class parameters.
120 # limits packet size in iptables rule
122 # avgrate: (note: sum(avgrates) ~ 100)
123 # rt m1 = avgrate / sum (avgrate) * max_bandwidth
124 # rt m2 = avgrate * max_bandwidth / 100
127 # packetsize & packetdelay: (only works if avgrate is present)
128 # rt d = max( packetdelay, 'time required for packetsize to transfer' ) (smaller ps -> smaller d)
132 # ls m2 = priority / sum (priority) * max_bandwidth
135 # ul rate = limitrate * max_bandwidth / 100
140 Install the qos-scripts package:
143 opkg install qos-scripts
146 Basic configuration using UCI command line:
149 uci set qos.wan.upload=1000 # Upload speed in kBits/s
150 uci set qos.wan.download=16000 # Download speed in kBits/s
151 uci set qos.wan.enabled=1
155 Start it and look for error output and test):
158 /etc/init.d/qos start
161 * Make script run at every boot up:
164 /etc/init.d/qos enable
169 Look at the generated traffic control qdisc settings by running:
175 The default (ie no-QoS-applied) values for any interface look like this:
178 qdisc fq_codel 0: dev eth0 root refcnt 2 limit 1024p flows 1024 quantum 300 target 5.0ms interval 100.0ms ecn
181 Any interface with only a single qdisc line printed, showing the same settings as this line (this one is for _dev eth0_), indicates no QoS on that interface.
183 Network interfaces with QoS enabled will have multiple qdisc lines printed, each corresponding to a QoS class, etc.
185 If the printed qdisc settings don't seem to be correct, you can preview the _tc_ commands generated from the OpenWRT _/etc/config/qos_ by running:
188 /usr/lib/qos/generate.sh interface wan
191 (Replace 'wan' with the UCI interface name you're debugging, as given in the _/etc/config/qos_ file.)
193 This should print a series of _insmod_ and _tc_ commands used to set up the QoS subsystem. You can debug any errors caused by running these commands by running:
196 /usr/lib/qos/generate.sh interface wan | sh -x
199 The output of _/usr/lib/qos/generate.sh_ is normally executed automatically as part of _/etc/hotplug.d/iface/10-qos_.