net/banip/files/README.md

   1 <!-- markdownlint-disable -->
   2
   3 # banIP - ban incoming and outgoing IP addresses/subnets via Sets in nftables
   4
   5 ## Description
   6 IP address blocking is commonly used to protect against brute force attacks, prevent disruptive or unauthorized address(es) from access or it can be used to restrict access to or from a particular geographic area — for example. Further more banIP scans the log file via logread and bans IPs that make too many password failures, e.g. via ssh.
   7
   8 ## Main Features
   9 * banIP supports the following fully pre-configured domain blocklist feeds (free for private usage, for commercial use please check their individual licenses).
  10   **Please note:** By default every feed blocks all supported chains. The columns "WAN-INP", "WAN-FWD" and "LAN-FWD" show for which chains the feeds are suitable in common scenarios, e.g. the first entry should be limited to the LAN forward chain - see the config options 'ban\_blockpolicy', 'ban\_blockinput', 'ban\_blockforwardwan' and 'ban\_blockforwardlan' below.
  11
  12 | Feed                | Focus                          | WAN-INP | WAN-FWD | LAN-FWD | Information                                                   |
  13 | :------------------ | :----------------------------- | :-----: | :-----: | :-----: | :-----------------------------------------------------------  |
  14 | adaway              | adaway IPs                     |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  15 | adguard             | adguard IPs                    |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  16 | adguardtrackers     | adguardtracker IPs             |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  17 | antipopads          | antipopads IPs                 |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  18 | asn                 | ASN IPs                        |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://asn.ipinfo.app)                                |
  19 | backscatterer       | backscatterer IPs              |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://www.uceprotect.net/en/index.php)               |
  20 | binarydefense       | binary defense banlist         |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=bds_atif)           |
  21 | bogon               | bogon prefixes                 |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://team-cymru.com)                                |
  22 | bruteforceblock     | bruteforceblocker IPs          |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://danger.rulez.sk/index.php/bruteforceblocker/)  |
  23 | country             | country blocks                 |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://www.ipdeny.com/ipblocks)                       |
  24 | cinsscore           | suspicious attacker IPs        |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://cinsscore.com/#list)                           |
  25 | darklist            | blocks suspicious attacker IPs |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://darklist.de)                                   |
  26 | debl                | fail2ban IP blacklist          |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://www.blocklist.de)                              |
  27 | doh                 | public DoH-Provider            |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/DoH-IP-blocklists)           |
  28 | drop                | spamhaus drop compilation      |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://www.spamhaus.org)                              |
  29 | dshield             | dshield IP blocklist           |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://www.dshield.org)                               |
  30 | edrop               | spamhaus edrop compilation     |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://www.spamhaus.org)                              |
  31 | etcompromised       | ET compromised hosts           |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=et_compromised)     |
  32 | feodo               | feodo tracker                  |    x    |    x    |    x    | [Link](https://feodotracker.abuse.ch)                         |
  33 | firehol1            | firehol level 1 compilation    |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=firehol_level1)     |
  34 | firehol2            | firehol level 2 compilation    |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=firehol_level2)     |
  35 | firehol3            | firehol level 3 compilation    |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=firehol_level3)     |
  36 | firehol4            | firehol level 4 compilation    |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=firehol_level4)     |
  37 | greensnow           | suspicious server IPs          |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://greensnow.co)                                  |
  38 | iblockads           | Advertising IPs                |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://www.iblocklist.com)                            |
  39 | iblockspy           | Malicious spyware IPs          |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://www.iblocklist.com)                            |
  40 | ipblackhole         | blackhole IPs                  |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://ip.blackhole.monster)                          |
  41 | ipthreat            | hacker and botnet TPs          |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://ipthreat.net)                                  |
  42 | myip                | real-time IP blocklist         |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://myip.ms)                                       |
  43 | nixspam             | iX spam protection             |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](http://www.nixspam.org)                                |
  44 | oisdbig             | OISD-big IPs                   |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  45 | oisdnsfw            | OISD-nsfw IPs                  |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  46 | oisdsmall           | OISD-small IPs                 |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  47 | proxy               | open proxies                   |    x    |         |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=proxylists)         |
  48 | ssbl                | SSL botnet IPs                 |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://sslbl.abuse.ch)                                |
  49 | stevenblack         | stevenblack IPs                |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  50 | talos               | talos IPs                      |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://talosintelligence.com/reputation_center)       |
  51 | threat              | emerging threats               |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://rules.emergingthreats.net)                     |
  52 | threatview          | malicious IPs                  |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://threatview.io)                                 |
  53 | tor                 | tor exit nodes                 |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://github.com/SecOps-Institute/Tor-IP-Addresses)  |
  54 | uceprotect1         | spam protection level 1        |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](http://www.uceprotect.net/en/index.php)                |
  55 | uceprotect2         | spam protection level 2        |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](http://www.uceprotect.net/en/index.php)                |
  56 | uceprotect3         | spam protection level 3        |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](http://www.uceprotect.net/en/index.php)                |
  57 | urlhaus             | urlhaus IDS IPs                |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://urlhaus.abuse.ch)                              |
  58 | urlvir              | malware related IPs            |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=urlvir)             |
  59 | webclient           | malware related IPs            |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://iplists.firehol.org/?ipset=firehol_webclient)  |
  60 | voip                | VoIP fraud blocklist           |    x    |    x    |         | [Link](https://voipbl.org)                                    |
  61 | yoyo                | yoyo IPs                       |         |         |    x    | [Link](https://github.com/dibdot/banIP-IP-blocklists)         |
  62
  63 * Zero-conf like automatic installation & setup, usually no manual changes needed
  64 * All Sets are handled in a separate nft table/namespace 'banIP'
  65 * Full IPv4 and IPv6 support
  66 * Supports nft atomic Set loading
  67 * Supports blocking by ASN numbers and by iso country codes
  68 * Supports local allow- and blocklist with MAC/IPv4/IPv6 addresses or domain names
  69 * Supports concatenation of local MAC addresses with IPv4/IPv6 addresses, e.g. to enforce dhcp assignments
  70 * All local input types support ranges in CIDR notation
  71 * Auto-add the uplink subnet or uplink IP to the local allowlist
  72 * Provides a small background log monitor to ban unsuccessful login attempts in real-time (like fail2ban, crowdsec etc.)
  73 * Auto-add unsuccessful LuCI, nginx, Asterisk or ssh login attempts to the local blocklist
  74 * Auto-add entire subnets to the blocklist Sets based on an additional RDAP request with the monitored suspicious IP
  75 * Fast feed processing as they are handled in parallel as background jobs (on capable multi-core hardware)
  76 * Per feed it can be defined whether the wan-input chain, the wan-forward chain or the lan-forward chain should be blocked (default: all chains)
  77 * Automatic blocklist backup & restore, the backups will be used in case of download errors or during startup
  78 * Automatically selects one of the following download utilities with ssl support: aria2c, curl, uclient-fetch or full wget
  79 * Provides HTTP ETag or entity tag support to download only ressources that have been updated on the server side, to save bandwith and speed up banIP reloads
  80 * Supports an 'allowlist only' mode, this option restricts internet access from/to a given number of secure websites/IPs
  81 * Deduplicate IPs accross all Sets (single IPs only, no intervals)
  82 * Provides comprehensive runtime information
  83 * Provides a detailed Set report
  84 * Provides a Set search engine for certain IPs
  85 * Feed parsing by fast & flexible regex rulesets
  86 * Minimal status & error logging to syslog, enable debug logging to receive more output
  87 * Procd based init system support (start/stop/restart/reload/status/report/search/survey/lookup)
  88 * Procd network interface trigger support
  89 * Add new or edit existing banIP feeds on your own with the LuCI integrated custom feed editor
  90 * Supports external allowlist URLs to reference additional IPv4/IPv6 feeds
  91 * Supports allowing / blocking of certain VLAN forwards
  92 * Provides an option to transfer logging events on remote servers via cgi interface
  93
  94 ## Prerequisites
  95 * **[OpenWrt](https://openwrt.org)**, latest stable release or a snapshot with nft/firewall 4 support
  96 * A download utility with SSL support: 'aria2c', 'curl', full 'wget' or 'uclient-fetch' with one of the 'libustream-*' SSL libraries, the latter one doesn't provide support for ETag HTTP header
  97 * A certificate store like 'ca-bundle', as banIP checks the validity of the SSL certificates of all download sites by default
  98 * For E-Mail notifications you need to install and setup the additional 'msmtp' package
  99
 100 **Please note the following:**
 101 * Devices with less than 256Mb of RAM are **_not_** supported
 102 * Any previous installation of ancient banIP 0.7.x must be uninstalled, and the /etc/banip folder and the /etc/config/banip configuration file must be deleted (they are recreated when this version is installed)
 103
 104 ## Installation & Usage
 105 * Update your local opkg repository (_opkg update_)
 106 * Install banIP (_opkg install banip_) - the banIP service is disabled by default
 107 * Install the LuCI companion package 'luci-app-banip' (opkg install luci-app-banip)
 108 * It's strongly recommended to use the LuCI frontend to easily configure all aspects of banIP, the application is located in LuCI under the 'Services' menu
 109 * If you're going to configure banIP via CLI, edit the config file '/etc/config/banip' and enable the service (set ban\_enabled to '1'), then add pre-configured feeds via 'ban\_feed' (see the feed list above) and add/change other options to your needs (see the options reference below)
 110 * Start the service with '/etc/init.d/banip start' and check everything is working by running '/etc/init.d/banip status'
 111
 112 ## banIP CLI interface
 113 * All important banIP functions are accessible via CLI.
 114 ```
 115 ~# /etc/init.d/banip
 116 Syntax: /etc/init.d/banip [command]
 117
 118 Available commands:
 119         start           Start the service
 120         stop            Stop the service
 121         restart         Restart the service
 122         reload          Reload configuration files (or restart if service does not implement reload)
 123         enable          Enable service autostart
 124         disable         Disable service autostart
 125         enabled         Check if service is started on boot
 126         report          [text|json|mail] Print banIP related Set statistics
 127         search          [<IPv4 address>|<IPv6 address>] Check if an element exists in a banIP Set
 128         survey          [<Set name>] List all elements of a given banIP Set
 129         lookup          Lookup the IPs of domain names in the local lists and update them
 130         running         Check if service is running
 131         status          Service status
 132         trace           Start with syscall trace
 133         info            Dump procd service info
 134 ```
 135
 136 ## banIP config options
 137
 138 | Option                  | Type   | Default                       | Description                                                                                                       |
 139 | :---------------------- | :----- | :---------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 140 | ban_enabled             | option | 0                             | enable the banIP service                                                                                          |
 141 | ban_nicelimit           | option | 0                             | ulimit nice level of the banIP service (range 0-19)                                                               |
 142 | ban_filelimit           | option | 1024                          | ulimit max open/number of files (range 1024-4096)                                                                 |
 143 | ban_loglimit            | option | 100                           | scan only the last n log entries permanently. A value of '0' disables the monitor                                 |
 144 | ban_logcount            | option | 1                             | how many times the IP must appear in the log to be considered as suspicious                                       |
 145 | ban_logterm             | list   | regex                         | various regex for logfile parsing (default: dropbear, sshd, luci, nginx, asterisk and cgi-remote events)          |
 146 | ban_logreadfile         | option | /var/log/messages             | alternative location for parsing the log file, e.g. via syslog-ng, to deactivate the standard parsing via logread |
 147 | ban_autodetect          | option | 1                             | auto-detect wan interfaces, devices and subnets                                                                   |
 148 | ban_debug               | option | 0                             | enable banIP related debug logging                                                                                |
 149 | ban_loginput            | option | 1                             | log drops in the wan-input chain                                                                                  |
 150 | ban_logforwardwan       | option | 1                             | log drops in the wan-forward chain                                                                                |
 151 | ban_logforwardlan       | option | 0                             | log rejects in the lan-forward chain                                                                              |
 152 | ban_autoallowlist       | option | 1                             | add wan IPs/subnets and resolved domains automatically to the local allowlist (not only to the Sets)              |
 153 | ban_autoblocklist       | option | 1                             | add suspicious attacker IPs and resolved domains automatically to the local blocklist (not only to the Sets)      |
 154 | ban_autoblocksubnet     | option | 0                             | add entire subnets to the blocklist Sets based on an additional RDAP request with the suspicious IP               |
 155 | ban_autoallowuplink     | option | subnet                        | limit the uplink autoallow function to: 'subnet', 'ip' or 'disable' it at all                                     |
 156 | ban_allowlistonly       | option | 0                             | restrict the internet access from/to a given number of secure websites/IPs                                        |
 157 | ban_basedir             | option | /tmp                          | base working directory while banIP processing                                                                     |
 158 | ban_reportdir           | option | /tmp/banIP-report             | directory where banIP stores the report files                                                                     |
 159 | ban_backupdir           | option | /tmp/banIP-backup             | directory where banIP stores the compressed backup files                                                          |
 160 | ban_protov4             | option | - / autodetect                | enable IPv4 support                                                                                               |
 161 | ban_protov6             | option | - / autodetect                | enable IPv4 support                                                                                               |
 162 | ban_ifv4                | list   | - / autodetect                | logical wan IPv4 interfaces, e.g. 'wan'                                                                           |
 163 | ban_ifv6                | list   | - / autodetect                | logical wan IPv6 interfaces, e.g. 'wan6'                                                                          |
 164 | ban_dev                 | list   | - / autodetect                | wan device(s), e.g. 'eth2'                                                                                        |
 165 | ban_vlanallow           | list   | -                             | always allow certain VLAN forwards, e.g. br-lan.20                                                                |
 166 | ban_vlanblock           | list   | -                             | always block certain VLAN forwards, e.g. br-lan.10                                                                |
 167 | ban_trigger             | list   | -                             | logical reload trigger interface(s), e.g. 'wan'                                                                   |
 168 | ban_triggerdelay        | option | 10                            | trigger timeout during interface reload and boot                                                                  |
 169 | ban_deduplicate         | option | 1                             | deduplicate IP addresses across all active Sets                                                                   |
 170 | ban_splitsize           | option | 0                             | split ext. Sets after every n lines/members (saves RAM)                                                           |
 171 | ban_cores               | option | - / autodetect                | limit the cpu cores used by banIP (saves RAM)                                                                     |
 172 | ban_nftloglevel         | option | warn                          | nft loglevel, values: emerg, alert, crit, err, warn, notice, info, debug                                          |
 173 | ban_nftpriority         | option | -200                          | nft priority for the banIP table (default is the prerouting table priority)                                       |
 174 | ban_nftpolicy           | option | memory                        | nft policy for banIP-related Sets, values: memory, performance                                                    |
 175 | ban_nftexpiry           | option | -                             | expiry time for auto added blocklist members, e.g. '5m', '2h' or '1d'                                             |
 176 | ban_feed                | list   | -                             | external download feeds, e.g. 'yoyo', 'doh', 'country' or 'talos' (see feed table)                                |
 177 | ban_asn                 | list   | -                             | ASNs for the 'asn' feed, e.g.'32934'                                                                              |
 178 | ban_country             | list   | -                             | country iso codes for the 'country' feed, e.g. 'ru'                                                               |
 179 | ban_blockpolicy         | option | -                             | limit the default block policy to a certain chain, e.g. 'input', 'forwardwan' or 'forwardlan'                     |
 180 | ban_blocktype           | option | drop                          | 'drop' packets silently on input and forwardwan chains or actively 'reject' the traffic                           |
 181 | ban_blockinput          | list   | -                             | limit a feed to the wan-input chain, e.g. 'country'                                                               |
 182 | ban_blockforwardwan     | list   | -                             | limit a feed to the wan-forward chain, e.g. 'debl'                                                                |
 183 | ban_blockforwardlan     | list   | -                             | limit a feed to the lan-forward chain, e.g. 'doh'                                                                 |
 184 | ban_fetchcmd            | option | - / autodetect                | 'uclient-fetch', 'wget', 'curl' or 'aria2c'                                                                       |
 185 | ban_fetchparm           | option | - / autodetect                | set the config options for the selected download utility                                                          |
 186 | ban_fetchretry          | option | 5                             | number of download attempts in case of an error (not supported by uclient-fetch)                                  |
 187 | ban_fetchinsecure       | option | 0                             | don't check SSL server certificates during download                                                               |
 188 | ban_mailreceiver        | option | -                             | receiver address for banIP related notification E-Mails                                                           |
 189 | ban_mailsender          | option | no-reply@banIP                | sender address for banIP related notification E-Mails                                                             |
 190 | ban_mailtopic           | option | banIP notification            | topic for banIP related notification E-Mails                                                                      |
 191 | ban_mailprofile         | option | ban_notify                    | mail profile used in 'msmtp' for banIP related notification E-Mails                                               |
 192 | ban_mailnotification    | option | 0                             | receive E-Mail notifications with every banIP run                                                                 |
 193 | ban_reportelements      | option | 1                             | count Set elements in the report, disable this option to speed up the report significantly                        |
 194 | ban_resolver            | option | -                             | external resolver used for DNS lookups                                                                            |
 195 | ban_remotelog           | option | 0                             | enable the cgi interface to receive remote logging events                                                         |
 196 | ban_remotetoken         | option | -                             | unique token to communicate with the cgi interface                                                                |
 197
 198 ## Examples
 199 **banIP report information**
 200 ```
 201 ~# /etc/init.d/banip report
 202 :::
 203 ::: banIP Set Statistics
 204 :::
 205     Timestamp: 2023-06-21 07:03:23
 206     ------------------------------
 207     auto-added to allowlist today: 0
 208     auto-added to blocklist today: 0
 209
 210     Set                  | Elements     | WAN-Input (packets)   | WAN-Forward (packets) | LAN-Forward (packets)
 211     ---------------------+--------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------
 212     allowlistv4MAC       | 0            | -                     | -                     | OK: 0
 213     allowlistv6MAC       | 0            | -                     | -                     | OK: 0
 214     allowlistv4          | 1            | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 215     allowlistv6          | 1            | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 216     cinsscorev4          | 13115        | OK: 142               | OK: 0                 | -
 217     deblv4               | 8076         | OK: 5                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 218     countryv6            | 37313        | OK: 0                 | OK: 1                 | -
 219     countryv4            | 36155        | OK: 33                | OK: 0                 | -
 220     deblv6               | 15           | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 221     dropv6               | 35           | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 222     dropv4               | 620          | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 223     dohv6                | 598          | -                     | -                     | OK: 0
 224     dohv4                | 902          | -                     | -                     | OK: 0
 225     edropv4              | 247          | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 226     threatviewv4         | 571          | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 227     firehol1v4           | 877          | OK: 8                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 228     ipthreatv4           | 5751         | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 229     urlvirv4             | 169          | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 230     blocklistv4MAC       | 0            | -                     | -                     | OK: 0
 231     blocklistv6MAC       | 0            | -                     | -                     | OK: 0
 232     blocklistv4          | 3            | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 233     blocklistv6          | 0            | OK: 0                 | OK: 0                 | OK: 0
 234     ---------------------+--------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+------------------------
 235     22                   | 104449       | 16 (188)              | 16 (1)                | 19 (0)
 236 ```
 237
 238 **banIP runtime information**
 239 ```
 240 root@blackhole:/etc/config$ /etc/init.d/banip status
 241 ::: banIP runtime information
 242   + status            : active (nft: ✔, monitor: ✔)
 243   + version           : 0.9.0-1
 244   + element_count     : 111094
 245   + active_feeds      : allowlistv4MAC, allowlistv6MAC, allowlistv4, allowlistv6, cinsscorev4, deblv4, countryv6, countryv4, deblv6, dropv6, dropv4, dohv6, dohv4, threatviewv4, firehol1v4, ipthreatv4, firehol2v4, urlvirv4, urlhausv4, blocklistv4MAC, blocklistv6MAC, blocklistv4, blocklistv6
 246   + active_devices    : wan: br-wan, 10g-1 / wan-if: wan, wan6 / vlan-allow: - / vlan-block: -
 247   + active_uplink     : 91.63.198.120, 2a12:810c:0:80:a20d:52c3:5cf:f4f
 248   + nft_info          : priority: -200, policy: performance, loglevel: warn, expiry: -
 249   + run_info          : base: /mnt/data/banIP, backup: /mnt/data/banIP/backup, report: /mnt/data/banIP/report
 250   + run_flags         : auto: ✔, proto (4/6): ✔/✔, log (wan-inp/wan-fwd/lan-fwd): ✔/✔/✔, dedup: ✔, split: ✘, custom feed: ✘, allowed only: ✘
 251   + last_run          : action: reload, fetch: curl, duration: 0m 36s, date: 2023-07-16 06:59:28
 252   + system_info       : cores: 4, memory: 1663, device: Bananapi BPI-R3, OpenWrt SNAPSHOT r23565-8fb0c196e8
 253 ```
 254
 255 **banIP search information**
 256 ```
 257 ~# /etc/init.d/banip search 221.228.105.173
 258 :::
 259 ::: banIP Search
 260 :::
 261     Looking for IP '221.228.105.173' on 2023-02-08 22:12:48
 262     ---
 263     IP found in Set 'oisdbasicv4'
 264 ```
 265
 266 **banIP survey information**
 267 ```
 268 ~# /etc/init.d/banip survey cinsscorev4
 269 :::
 270 ::: banIP Survey
 271 :::
 272     List of elements in the Set 'cinsscorev4' on 2023-03-06 14:07:58
 273     ---
 274 1.10.187.179
 275 1.10.203.30
 276 1.10.255.58
 277 1.11.67.53
 278 1.11.114.211
 279 1.11.208.29
 280 1.12.75.87
 281 1.12.231.227
 282 1.12.247.134
 283 1.12.251.141
 284 1.14.96.156
 285 1.14.250.37
 286 1.15.40.79
 287 1.15.71.140
 288 1.15.77.237
 289 [...]
 290 ```
 291 **default regex for logfile parsing**
 292 ```
 293 list ban_logterm 'Exit before auth from'
 294 list ban_logterm 'luci: failed login'
 295 list ban_logterm 'error: maximum authentication attempts exceeded'
 296 list ban_logterm 'sshd.*Connection closed by.*\[preauth\]'
 297 list ban_logterm 'SecurityEvent=\"InvalidAccountID\".*RemoteAddress='
 298 list ban_logterm 'received a suspicious remote IP '\''.*'\'''
 299 ```
 300
 301 **allow-/blocklist handling**
 302 banIP supports local allow and block lists, MAC/IPv4/IPv6 addresses (incl. ranges in CIDR notation) or domain names. These files are located in /etc/banip/banip.allowlist and /etc/banip/banip.blocklist.
 303 Unsuccessful login attempts or suspicious requests will be tracked and added to the local blocklist (see the 'ban_autoblocklist' option). The blocklist behaviour can be further tweaked with the 'ban_nftexpiry' option.
 304 Depending on the options 'ban_autoallowlist' and 'ban_autoallowuplink' the uplink subnet or the uplink IP will be added automatically to local allowlist.
 305 Furthermore, you can reference external Allowlist URLs with additional IPv4 and IPv6 feeds (see 'ban_allowurl').
 306 Both local lists also accept domain names as input to allow IP filtering based on these names. The corresponding IPs (IPv4 & IPv6) will be extracted and added to the Sets. You can also start the domain lookup separately via /etc/init.d/banip lookup at any time.
 307
 308 **allowlist-only mode**
 309 banIP supports an "allowlist only" mode. This option restricts the internet access from/to a small number of secure MACs, IPs or domains, and block access from/to the rest of the internet. All IPs and Domains which are _not_ listed in the allowlist (plus the external Allowlist URLs) are blocked.
 310
 311 **MAC/IP-binding**
 312 banIP supports concatenation of local MAC addresses with IPv4/IPv6 addresses, e.g. to enforce dhcp assignments. Following notations in the local allow and block lists are allowed:
 313 ```
 314 MAC-address only:
 315 C8:C2:9B:F7:80:12                                  => this will be populated to the v4MAC- and v6MAC-Sets with the IP-wildcards 0.0.0.0/0 and ::/0
 316
 317 MAC-address with IPv4 concatenation:
 318 C8:C2:9B:F7:80:12 192.168.1.10                     => this will be populated only to v4MAC-Set with the certain IP, no entry in the v6MAC-Set
 319
 320 MAC-address with IPv6 concatenation:
 321 C8:C2:9B:F7:80:12 2a02:810c:0:80:a10e:62c3:5af:f3f => this will be populated only to v6MAC-Set with the certain IP, no entry in the v4MAC-Set
 322
 323 MAC-address with IPv4 and IPv6 concatenation:
 324 C8:C2:9B:F7:80:12 192.168.1.10                     => this will be populated to v4MAC-Set with the certain IP
 325 C8:C2:9B:F7:80:12 2a02:810c:0:80:a10e:62c3:5af:f3f => this will be populated to v6MAC-Set with the certain IP
 326
 327 MAC-address with IPv4 and IPv6 wildcard concatenation:
 328 C8:C2:9B:F7:80:12 192.168.1.10                     => this will be populated to v4MAC-Set with the certain IP
 329 C8:C2:9B:F7:80:12                                  => this will be populated to v6MAC-Set with the IP-wildcard ::/0
 330 ```
 331 **enable the cgi interface to receive remote logging events**
 332 banIP ships a basic cgi interface in '/www/cgi-bin/banip' to receive remote logging events (disabled by default). The cgi interface evaluates logging events via GET or POST request (see examples below). To enable the cgi interface set the following options:
 333
 334     * set 'ban_remotelog' to '1' to enbale the cgi interface
 335     * set 'ban_remotetoken' to a secret transfer token, allowed token characters consist of '[A-Za-z]', '[0-9]', '.' and ':'
 336
 337   Examples to transfer remote logging events from an internal server to banIP via cgi interface:
 338
 339     * POST request: curl --insecure --data "<ban_remotetoken>=<suspicious IP>" https://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/banip
 340     * GET request: wget --no-check-certificate https://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/banip?<ban_remotetoken>=<suspicious IP>
 341
 342 Please note: for security reasons use this cgi interface only internally and only encrypted via https transfer protocol.
 343
 344 **redirect Asterisk security logs to lodg/logread**
 345 banIP only supports logfile scanning via logread, so to monitor attacks on Asterisk, its security log must be available via logread. To do this, edit '/etc/asterisk/logger.conf' and add the line 'syslog.local0 = security', then run 'asterisk -rx reload logger' to update the running Asterisk configuration.
 346
 347 **send status E-Mails and update the banIP lists via cron job**
 348 For a regular, automatic status mailing and update of the used lists on a daily basis set up a cron job, e.g.
 349 ```
 350 55 03 * * * /etc/init.d/banip report mail
 351 00 04 * * * /etc/init.d/banip reload
 352 ```
 353
 354 **tweaks for low memory systems**
 355 nftables supports the atomic loading of firewall rules (incl. elements), which is cool but unfortunately is also very memory intensive. To reduce the memory pressure on low memory systems (i.e. those with 256-512Mb RAM), you should optimize your configuration with the following options:
 356
 357     * point 'ban_basedir', 'ban_reportdir' and 'ban_backupdir' to an external usb drive
 358     * set 'ban_cores' to '1' (only useful on a multicore system) to force sequential feed processing
 359     * set 'ban_splitsize' e.g. to '1000' to split the load of an external Set after every 1000 lines/members
 360     * set 'ban_reportelements' to '0' to disable the CPU intensive counting of Set elements
 361
 362 **tweak the download options**
 363 By default banIP uses the following pre-configured download options:
 364 ```
 365     * aria2c: --timeout=20 --retry-wait=10 --max-tries=5 --max-file-not-found=5 --allow-overwrite=true --auto-file-renaming=false --log-level=warn --dir=/ -o
 366     * curl: --connect-timeout 20 --retry-delay 10 --retry 5 --retry-all-errors --fail --silent --show-error --location -o
 367     * wget: --no-cache --no-cookies --timeout=20 --waitretry=10 --tries=5 --retry-connrefused --max-redirect=0 -O
 368     * uclient-fetch: --timeout=20 -O
 369 ```
 370 To override the default set 'ban_fetchretry', 'ban_fetchinsecure' or globally 'ban_fetchparm' to your needs.
 371
 372 **send E-Mail notifications via 'msmtp'**
 373 To use the email notification you must install & configure the package 'msmtp'.
 374 Modify the file '/etc/msmtprc', e.g.:
 375 ```
 376 [...]
 377 defaults
 378 auth            on
 379 tls             on
 380 tls_certcheck   off
 381 timeout         5
 382 syslog          LOG_MAIL
 383 [...]
 384 account         ban_notify
 385 host            smtp.gmail.com
 386 port            587
 387 from            <address>@gmail.com
 388 user            <gmail-user>
 389 password        <password>
 390 ```
 391 Finally add a valid E-Mail receiver address.
 392
 393 **change existing banIP feeds or add a new one**
 394 The banIP default blocklist feeds are stored in an external JSON file '/etc/banip/banip.feeds'. All custom changes should be stored in an external JSON file '/etc/banip/banip.custom.feeds' (empty by default). It's recommended to use the LuCI based Custom Feed Editor to make changes to this file.
 395 A valid JSON source object contains the following information, e.g.:
 396 ```
 397         [...]
 398         "tor":{
 399                 "url_4": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SecOps-Institute/Tor-IP-Addresses/master/tor-exit-nodes.lst",
 400                 "url_6": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SecOps-Institute/Tor-IP-Addresses/master/tor-exit-nodes.lst",
 401                 "rule_4": "/^(([0-9]{1,3}\\.){3}(1?[0-9][0-9]?|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(\\/(1?[0-9]|2?[0-9]|3?[0-2]))?)$/{printf \"%s,\\n\",$1}",
 402                 "rule_6": "/^(([0-9A-f]{0,4}:){1,7}[0-9A-f]{0,4}:?(\\/(1?[0-2][0-8]|[0-9][0-9]))?)$/{printf \"%s,\\n\",$1}",
 403                 "descr": "tor exit nodes",
 404                 "flag": ""
 405         },
 406         [...]
 407 ```
 408 Add an unique feed name (no spaces, no special chars) and make the required changes: adapt at least the URL, the regex and the description for a new feed. The flag is optional, currently only 'gz' is supported to process archive downloads.
 409
 410 ## Support
 411 Please join the banIP discussion in this [forum thread](https://forum.openwrt.org/t/banip-support-thread/16985) or contact me by mail <dev@brenken.org>
 412
 413 ## Removal
 414 * stop all banIP related services with _/etc/init.d/banip stop_
 415 * remove the banip package (_opkg remove banip_)
 416
 417 Have fun!
 418 Dirk