tools/firmware-utils/src/mkdlinkfw.c

   1 /*
   2  * mkdlinkfw
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2018 Paweł Dembicki <paweldembicki@gmail.com>
   5  *
   6  * This tool is based on mktplinkfw.
   7  * Copyright (C) 2009 Gabor Juhos <juhosg@openwrt.org>
   8  * Copyright (C) 2008,2009 Wang Jian <lark@linux.net.cn>
   9  *
  10  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  11  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
  12  * Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
  13  * any later version.
  14  */
  15
  16 #include <stdio.h>
  17 #include <stdlib.h>
  18 #include <stdint.h>
  19 #include <string.h>
  20 #include <unistd.h>             /* for unlink() */
  21 #include <libgen.h>
  22 #include <getopt.h>             /* for getopt() */
  23 #include <stdarg.h>
  24 #include <stdbool.h>
  25 #include <endian.h>
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <sys/stat.h>
  28 #include <zlib.h>               /*for crc32 */
  29
  30 #include "mkdlinkfw-lib.h"
  31
  32 /* ARM update header 2.0
  33  * used only in factory images to erase and flash selected area
  34  */
  35 struct auh_header {
  36         uint8_t rom_id[12];     /* 12-bit rom-id unique per router type */
  37         uint16_t derange;       /* used for scramble header */
  38         uint16_t image_checksum;        /* jboot_checksum of flashed data */
  39
  40         uint32_t space1;        /* zeros */
  41         uint32_t space2;        /* zeros */
  42         uint16_t space3;        /* zerosu */
  43         uint8_t lpvs;           /* must be 0x01 */
  44         uint8_t mbz;            /* bust be 0 */
  45         uint32_t time_stamp;    /* timestamp calculated in jboot way */
  46
  47         uint32_t erase_start;   /* erase start address */
  48         uint32_t erase_length;  /* erase length address */
  49         uint32_t data_offset;   /* data start address */
  50         uint32_t data_length;   /* data length address */
  51
  52         uint32_t space4;        /* zeros */
  53         uint32_t space5;        /* zeros */
  54         uint32_t space6;        /* zeros */
  55         uint32_t space7;        /* zeros */
  56
  57         uint16_t header_id;     /* magic 0x4842 */
  58         uint16_t header_version;        /* 0x02 for 2.0 */
  59         uint16_t space8;        /* zeros */
  60         uint8_t section_id;     /* section id */
  61         uint8_t image_info_type;        /* (?) 0x04 in factory images */
  62         uint32_t image_info_offset;     /* (?) zeros in factory images */
  63         uint16_t family_member; /* unique per router type */
  64         uint16_t header_checksum;       /* negated jboot_checksum of header data */
  65 };
  66
  67 struct stag_header {            /* used only of sch2 wrapped kernel data */
  68         uint8_t cmark;          /* in factory 0xFF ,in sysuograde must be the same as id */
  69         uint8_t id;             /* 0x04 */
  70         uint16_t magic;         /* magic 0x2B24 */
  71         uint32_t time_stamp;    /* timestamp calculated in jboot way */
  72         uint32_t image_length;  /* lentgh of kernel + sch2 header */
  73         uint16_t image_checksum;        /* negated jboot_checksum of sch2 + kernel */
  74         uint16_t tag_checksum;  /* negated jboot_checksum of stag header data */
  75 };
  76
  77 struct sch2_header {            /* used only in kernel partitions */
  78         uint16_t magic;         /* magic 0x2124 */
  79         uint8_t cp_type;        /* 0x00 for flat, 0x01 for jz, 0x02 for gzip, 0x03 for lzma */
  80         uint8_t version;        /* 0x02 for sch2 */
  81         uint32_t ram_addr;      /* ram entry address */
  82         uint32_t image_len;     /* kernel image length */
  83         uint32_t image_crc32;   /* kernel image crc */
  84         uint32_t start_addr;    /* ram start address */
  85         uint32_t rootfs_addr;   /* rootfs flash address */
  86         uint32_t rootfs_len;    /* rootfls length */
  87         uint32_t rootfs_crc32;  /* rootfs crc32 */
  88         uint32_t header_crc32;  /* sch2 header crc32, durring calculation this area is replaced by zero */
  89         uint16_t header_length; /* sch2 header length: 0x28 */
  90         uint16_t cmd_line_length;       /* cmd line length, known zeros */
  91 };
  92
  93 /* globals */
  94 static struct file_info inspect_info;
  95 struct file_info kernel_info;
  96 struct file_info rootfs_info;
  97 struct file_info image_info;
  98
  99 char *ofname;
 100 char *progname;
 101 uint32_t firmware_size;
 102 uint16_t family_member;
 103 char *rom_id[12] = { 0 };
 104
 105 char image_type;
 106 int add_jffs2_eof;
 107
 108 static void usage(int status)
 109 {
 110         fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [OPTIONS...]\n", progname);
 111         fprintf(stderr,
 112                 "\n"
 113                 "Options:\n"
 114                 "  -i <file>       inspect given firmware file <file>\n"
 115                 "  -f              set family member id (hexval prefixed with 0x)\n"
 116                 "  -F <file>       read image and convert it to FACTORY\n"
 117                 "  -k <file>       read kernel image from the file <file>\n"
 118                 "  -r <file>       read rootfs image from the file <file>\n"
 119                 "  -o <file>       write output to the file <file>\n"
 120                 "  -s <size>       set firmware partition size\n"
 121                 "  -m <version>    set rom id to <version> (12-bit string val: \"DLK*********\")\n"
 122                 "  -h              show this screen\n");
 123
 124         exit(status);
 125 }
 126
 127 void print_auh_header(struct auh_header *printed_header)
 128 {
 129         printf("\trom_id: %s\n"
 130                "\tderange: 0x%04X\n"
 131                "\timage_checksum: 0x%04X\n"
 132                "\tspace1: 0x%08X\n"
 133                "\tspace2: 0x%08X\n"
 134                "\tspace3: 0x%04X\n"
 135                "\tlpvs: 0x%02X\n"
 136                "\tmbz: 0x%02X\n"
 137                "\ttime_stamp: 0x%08X\n"
 138                "\terase_start: 0x%08X\n"
 139                "\terase_length: 0x%08X\n"
 140                "\tdata_offset: 0x%08X\n"
 141                "\tdata_length: 0x%08X\n"
 142                "\tspace4: 0x%08X\n"
 143                "\tspace5: 0x%08X\n"
 144                "\tspace6: 0x%08X\n"
 145                "\tspace7: 0x%08X\n"
 146                "\theader_id: 0x%04X\n"
 147                "\theader_version: 0x%02X\n"
 148                "\tspace8: 0x%04X\n"
 149                "\tsection_id: 0x%02X\n"
 150                "\timage_info_type: 0x%02X\n"
 151                "\timage_info_offset 0x%08X\n"
 152                "\tfamily_member: 0x%04X\n"
 153                "\theader_checksum: 0x%04X\n",
 154                printed_header->rom_id,
 155                printed_header->derange,
 156                printed_header->image_checksum,
 157                printed_header->space1,
 158                printed_header->space2,
 159                printed_header->space3,
 160                printed_header->lpvs,
 161                printed_header->mbz,
 162                printed_header->time_stamp,
 163                printed_header->erase_start,
 164                printed_header->erase_length,
 165                printed_header->data_offset,
 166                printed_header->data_length,
 167                printed_header->space4,
 168                printed_header->space5,
 169                printed_header->space6,
 170                printed_header->space7,
 171                printed_header->header_id,
 172                printed_header->header_version,
 173                printed_header->space8,
 174                printed_header->section_id,
 175                printed_header->image_info_type,
 176                printed_header->image_info_offset,
 177                printed_header->family_member, printed_header->header_checksum);
 178 }
 179
 180 void print_stag_header(struct stag_header *printed_header)
 181 {
 182         printf("\tcmark: 0x%02X\n"
 183                "\tid: 0x%02X\n"
 184                "\tmagic: 0x%04X\n"
 185                "\ttime_stamp: 0x%08X\n"
 186                "\timage_length: 0x%04X\n"
 187                "\timage_checksum: 0x%04X\n"
 188                "\ttag_checksum: 0x%04X\n",
 189                printed_header->cmark,
 190                printed_header->id,
 191                printed_header->magic,
 192                printed_header->time_stamp,
 193                printed_header->image_length,
 194                printed_header->image_checksum, printed_header->tag_checksum);
 195 }
 196
 197 void print_sch2_header(struct sch2_header *printed_header)
 198 {
 199         printf("\tmagic: 0x%04X\n"
 200                "\tcp_type: 0x%02X\n"
 201                "\tversion: 0x%02X\n"
 202                "\tram_addr: 0x%08X\n"
 203                "\timage_len: 0x%08X\n"
 204                "\timage_crc32: 0x%08X\n"
 205                "\tstart_addr: 0x%08X\n"
 206                "\trootfs_addr: 0x%08X\n"
 207                "\trootfs_len: 0x%08X\n"
 208                "\trootfs_crc32: 0x%08X\n"
 209                "\theader_crc32: 0x%08X\n"
 210                "\theader_length: 0x%04X\n"
 211                "\tcmd_line_length: 0x%04X\n",
 212                printed_header->magic,
 213                printed_header->cp_type,
 214                printed_header->version,
 215                printed_header->ram_addr,
 216                printed_header->image_len,
 217                printed_header->image_crc32,
 218                printed_header->start_addr,
 219                printed_header->rootfs_addr,
 220                printed_header->rootfs_len,
 221                printed_header->rootfs_crc32,
 222                printed_header->header_crc32,
 223                printed_header->header_length, printed_header->cmd_line_length);
 224 }
 225
 226 static int find_auh_headers(char *buf)
 227 {
 228         char *tmp_buf = buf;
 229         struct auh_header *tmp_header[MAX_HEADER_COUNTER];
 230         int header_counter = 0;
 231
 232         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 233
 234         while (tmp_buf - buf <= inspect_info.file_size - AUH_SIZE) {
 235                 if (!memcmp(tmp_buf, AUH_MAGIC, 3)) {
 236                         if (((struct auh_header *)tmp_buf)->header_checksum ==
 237                             (uint16_t) ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) tmp_buf,
 238                                                         AUH_SIZE - 2)) {
 239                                 uint16_t checksum = 0;
 240                                 printf("Find proper AUH header at: 0x%lX!\n",
 241                                        tmp_buf - buf);
 242                                 tmp_header[header_counter] =
 243                                     (struct auh_header *)tmp_buf;
 244                                 checksum =
 245                                     jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)
 246                                                                     tmp_header
 247                                                                     [header_counter]
 248                                                                     + AUH_SIZE),
 249                                                    tmp_header
 250                                                    [header_counter]->data_length);
 251                                 if (tmp_header[header_counter]->image_checksum
 252                                     == checksum)
 253                                         printf("Image checksum ok.\n");
 254                                 else
 255                                         ERR("Image checksum incorrect! Stored: 0x%X Calculated: 0x%X\n", tmp_header[header_counter]->image_checksum, checksum);
 256                                 header_counter++;
 257                                 if (header_counter > MAX_HEADER_COUNTER)
 258                                         break;
 259                         }
 260                 }
 261                 tmp_buf++;
 262         }
 263
 264         if (header_counter == 0)
 265                 ERR("Can't find proper AUH header!\n");
 266         else if (header_counter > MAX_HEADER_COUNTER)
 267                 ERR("To many AUH headers!\n");
 268         else {
 269                 for (int i = 0; i < header_counter; i++) {
 270                         printf("AUH %d:\n", i);
 271                         print_auh_header(tmp_header[i]);
 272                 }
 273
 274                 ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 275         }
 276
 277         return ret;
 278 }
 279
 280 static int check_stag_header(char *buf, struct stag_header *header)
 281 {
 282
 283         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 284
 285         uint8_t cmark_tmp = header->cmark;
 286         header->cmark = header->id;
 287
 288         if (header->tag_checksum ==
 289             (uint16_t) ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) header,
 290                                         STAG_SIZE - 2)) {
 291                 uint16_t checksum = 0;
 292                 printf("Find proper STAG header at: 0x%lX!\n",
 293                        (char *)header - buf);
 294                 checksum =
 295                     jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)header + STAG_SIZE),
 296                                    header->image_length);
 297                 if (header->image_checksum == checksum) {
 298                         printf("Image checksum ok.\n");
 299                         header->cmark = cmark_tmp;
 300                         print_stag_header(header);
 301                         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 302                 } else
 303                         ERR("Image checksum incorrect! Stored: 0x%X Calculated: 0x%X\n", header->image_checksum, checksum);
 304         } else
 305                 ERR("STAG header checksum incorrect!");
 306
 307         header->cmark = cmark_tmp;
 308         return ret;
 309 }
 310
 311 static int check_sch2_header(char *buf, struct sch2_header *header)
 312 {
 313
 314         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 315
 316         uint32_t crc32_tmp = header->header_crc32;
 317         header->header_crc32 = 0;
 318
 319         if (crc32_tmp == crc32(0, (uint8_t *) header, header->header_length)) {
 320                 uint32_t crc32_val;
 321                 printf("Find proper SCH2 header at: 0x%lX!\n",
 322                        (char *)header - buf);
 323
 324                 crc32_val =
 325                     crc32(0, (uint8_t *) header + header->header_length,
 326                           header->image_len);
 327                 if (header->image_crc32 == crc32_val) {
 328                         printf("Kernel checksum ok.\n");
 329
 330                         header->header_crc32 = crc32_tmp;
 331                         print_sch2_header(header);
 332                         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 333                 } else
 334                         ERR("Kernel checksum incorrect! Stored: 0x%X Calculated: 0x%X\n", header->image_crc32, crc32_val);
 335
 336         } else
 337                 ERR("SCH2 header checksum incorrect!");
 338
 339         header->header_crc32 = crc32_tmp;
 340         return ret;
 341 }
 342
 343 static int inspect_fw(void)
 344 {
 345         char *buf;
 346         struct stag_header *stag_header_kernel;
 347         struct sch2_header *sch2_header_kernel;
 348         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 349
 350         buf = malloc(inspect_info.file_size);
 351         if (!buf) {
 352                 ERR("no memory for buffer!\n");
 353                 goto out;
 354         }
 355
 356         ret = read_to_buf(&inspect_info, buf);
 357         if (ret)
 358                 goto out_free_buf;
 359
 360         ret = find_auh_headers(buf);
 361         if (ret)
 362                 goto out_free_buf;
 363
 364         stag_header_kernel = (struct stag_header *)(buf + AUH_SIZE);
 365
 366         ret = check_stag_header(buf, stag_header_kernel);
 367         if (ret)
 368                 goto out_free_buf;
 369
 370         sch2_header_kernel = (struct sch2_header *)(buf + AUH_SIZE + STAG_SIZE);
 371
 372         ret = check_sch2_header(buf, sch2_header_kernel);
 373         if (ret)
 374                 goto out_free_buf;
 375
 376  out_free_buf:
 377         free(buf);
 378  out:
 379         return ret;
 380 }
 381
 382 static int check_options(void)
 383 {
 384         int ret;
 385
 386         if (inspect_info.file_name) {
 387                 ret = get_file_stat(&inspect_info);
 388                 if (ret)
 389                         return ret;
 390
 391                 return 0;
 392         }
 393
 394         return 0;
 395 }
 396
 397 int fill_sch2(struct sch2_header *header, char *kernel_ptr, char *rootfs_ptr)
 398 {
 399
 400         header->magic = SCH2_MAGIC;
 401         header->cp_type = LZMA;
 402         header->version = SCH2_VER;
 403         header->ram_addr = RAM_LOAD_ADDR;
 404         header->image_len = kernel_info.file_size;
 405         header->image_crc32 = crc32(0, (uint8_t *) kernel_ptr, kernel_info.file_size);
 406         header->start_addr = RAM_ENTRY_ADDR;
 407         header->rootfs_addr =
 408             JBOOT_SIZE + STAG_SIZE + SCH2_SIZE + kernel_info.file_size;
 409         header->rootfs_len = rootfs_info.file_size;
 410         header->rootfs_crc32 = crc32(0, (uint8_t *) rootfs_ptr, rootfs_info.file_size);
 411         header->header_crc32 = 0;
 412         header->header_length = SCH2_SIZE;
 413         header->cmd_line_length = 0;
 414
 415         header->header_crc32 = crc32(0, (uint8_t *) header, header->header_length);
 416
 417         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 418 }
 419
 420 int fill_stag(struct stag_header *header, uint32_t length)
 421 {
 422         header->cmark = STAG_ID;
 423         header->id = STAG_ID;
 424         header->magic = STAG_MAGIC;
 425         header->time_stamp = jboot_timestamp();
 426         header->image_length = length + SCH2_SIZE;
 427         header->image_checksum =
 428             jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)header + STAG_SIZE),
 429                            header->image_length);
 430         header->tag_checksum =
 431             ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) header, STAG_SIZE - 2);
 432
 433         if (image_type == FACTORY)
 434                 header->cmark = STAG_CMARK_FACTORY;
 435
 436         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 437 };
 438
 439 int fill_auh(struct auh_header *header, uint32_t length)
 440 {
 441         memcpy(header->rom_id, rom_id, 12);
 442         header->derange = 0;
 443         header->image_checksum =
 444             jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) ((char *)header + AUH_SIZE), length);
 445         header->space1 = 0;
 446         header->space2 = 0;
 447         header->space3 = 0;
 448         header->lpvs = AUH_LVPS;
 449         header->mbz = 0;
 450         header->time_stamp = jboot_timestamp();
 451         header->erase_start = JBOOT_SIZE;
 452         header->erase_length = firmware_size;
 453         header->data_offset = JBOOT_SIZE;
 454         header->data_length = length;
 455         header->space4 = 0;
 456         header->space5 = 0;
 457         header->space6 = 0;
 458         header->space7 = 0;
 459         header->header_id = AUH_HDR_ID;
 460         header->header_version = AUH_HDR_VER;
 461         header->space8 = 0;
 462         header->section_id = AUH_SEC_ID;
 463         header->image_info_type = AUH_INFO_TYPE;
 464         header->image_info_offset = 0;
 465         header->family_member = family_member;
 466         header->header_checksum =
 467             ~jboot_checksum(0, (uint16_t *) header, AUH_SIZE - 2);
 468
 469         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 470 }
 471
 472 int build_fw(void)
 473 {
 474         char *buf;
 475         char *kernel_ptr;
 476         char *rootfs_ptr;
 477         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 478         int writelen;
 479
 480         struct stag_header *stag_header_kernel;
 481         struct sch2_header *sch2_header_kernel;
 482
 483         if (!kernel_info.file_name | !rootfs_info.file_name)
 484                 goto out;
 485
 486         ret = get_file_stat(&kernel_info);
 487         if (ret)
 488                 goto out;
 489         ret = get_file_stat(&rootfs_info);
 490         if (ret)
 491                 goto out;
 492
 493         buf = malloc(firmware_size);
 494         if (!buf) {
 495                 ERR("no memory for buffer\n");
 496                 goto out;
 497         }
 498
 499         if (rootfs_info.file_size + kernel_info.file_size + ALL_HEADERS_SIZE >
 500             firmware_size) {
 501                 ERR("data is bigger than firmware_size!\n");
 502                 goto out;
 503         }
 504
 505         memset(buf, 0xff, firmware_size);
 506
 507         stag_header_kernel = (struct stag_header *)buf;
 508
 509         sch2_header_kernel =
 510             (struct sch2_header *)((char *)stag_header_kernel + STAG_SIZE);
 511         kernel_ptr = (char *)sch2_header_kernel + SCH2_SIZE;
 512
 513         ret = read_to_buf(&kernel_info, kernel_ptr);
 514         if (ret)
 515                 goto out_free_buf;
 516
 517         rootfs_ptr = kernel_ptr + kernel_info.file_size;
 518
 519         ret = read_to_buf(&rootfs_info, rootfs_ptr);
 520         if (ret)
 521                 goto out_free_buf;
 522
 523         writelen = rootfs_ptr + rootfs_info.file_size - buf;
 524
 525         fill_sch2(sch2_header_kernel, kernel_ptr, rootfs_ptr);
 526         fill_stag(stag_header_kernel, kernel_info.file_size);
 527
 528         ret = write_fw(ofname, buf, writelen);
 529         if (ret)
 530                 goto out_free_buf;
 531
 532         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 533
 534  out_free_buf:
 535         free(buf);
 536  out:
 537         return ret;
 538 }
 539
 540 int wrap_fw(void)
 541 {
 542         char *buf;
 543         char *image_ptr;
 544         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 545         int writelen;
 546
 547         struct auh_header *auh_header_kernel;
 548
 549         if (!image_info.file_name)
 550                 goto out;
 551
 552         ret = get_file_stat(&image_info);
 553         if (ret)
 554                 goto out;
 555
 556         buf = malloc(firmware_size);
 557         if (!buf) {
 558                 ERR("no memory for buffer\n");
 559                 goto out;
 560         }
 561
 562         if (image_info.file_size + AUH_SIZE >
 563             firmware_size) {
 564                 ERR("data is bigger than firmware_size!\n");
 565                 goto out;
 566         }
 567         if (!family_member) {
 568                 ERR("No family_member!\n");
 569                 goto out;
 570         }
 571         if (!(rom_id[0])) {
 572                 ERR("No rom_id!\n");
 573                 goto out;
 574         }
 575         memset(buf, 0xff, firmware_size);
 576
 577         image_ptr = (char *)(buf + AUH_SIZE);
 578
 579         ret = read_to_buf(&image_info, image_ptr);
 580         if (ret)
 581                 goto out_free_buf;
 582
 583         writelen = image_ptr + image_info.file_size - buf;
 584
 585         auh_header_kernel = (struct auh_header *)buf;
 586         fill_auh(auh_header_kernel, writelen - AUH_SIZE);
 587
 588         ret = write_fw(ofname, buf, writelen);
 589         if (ret)
 590                 goto out_free_buf;
 591
 592         ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
 593
 594  out_free_buf:
 595         free(buf);
 596  out:
 597         return ret;
 598 }
 599
 600 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 601 {
 602         int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
 603
 604         progname = basename(argv[0]);
 605         image_type = SYSUPGRADE;
 606         family_member = 0;
 607         firmware_size = 0;
 608
 609         while (1) {
 610                 int c;
 611
 612                 c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:F:i:hk:m:o:r:s:");
 613                 if (c == -1)
 614                         break;
 615
 616                 switch (c) {
 617                 case 'f':
 618                         sscanf(optarg, "0x%hx", &family_member);
 619                         break;
 620                 case 'F':
 621                         image_info.file_name = optarg;
 622                         image_type = FACTORY;
 623                         break;
 624                 case 'i':
 625                         inspect_info.file_name = optarg;
 626                         break;
 627                 case 'k':
 628                         kernel_info.file_name = optarg;
 629                         break;
 630                 case 'm':
 631                         if (strlen(optarg) == 12)
 632                                 memcpy(rom_id, optarg, 12);
 633                         break;
 634                 case 'r':
 635                         rootfs_info.file_name = optarg;
 636                         break;
 637                 case 'o':
 638                         ofname = optarg;
 639                         break;
 640                 case 's':
 641                         sscanf(optarg, "0x%x", &firmware_size);
 642                         break;
 643                 default:
 644                         usage(EXIT_FAILURE);
 645                         break;
 646                 }
 647         }
 648
 649         ret = check_options();
 650         if (ret)
 651                 goto out;
 652
 653         if (!inspect_info.file_name) {
 654                 if (image_type == FACTORY)
 655                         ret = wrap_fw();
 656                 else
 657                         ret = build_fw();
 658                 }
 659         else
 660                 ret = inspect_fw();
 661
 662  out:
 663         return ret;
 664
 665 }