package/mtd/src/mtd.c

   1 /*
   2  * mtd - simple memory technology device manipulation tool
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2005 Waldemar Brodkorb <wbx@dass-it.de>,
   5  *                        Felix Fietkau <nbd@openwrt.org>
   6  *
   7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   9  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
  10  * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  11  *
  12  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  19  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
  20  *
  21  * $Id$
  22  *
  23  * The code is based on the linux-mtd examples.
  24  */
  25
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27 #include <unistd.h>
  28 #include <stdlib.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdint.h>
  31 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  32 #include <sys/syscall.h>
  33 #include <fcntl.h>
  34 #include <errno.h>
  35 #include <error.h>
  36 #include <time.h>
  37 #include <string.h>
  38 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  39 #include <sys/types.h>
  40 #include <sys/param.h>
  41 #include <sys/mount.h>
  42 #include <sys/stat.h>
  43 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  44 #include <linux/reboot.h>
  45
  46 #include "mtd.h"
  47
  48 #define TRX_MAGIC       0x30524448      /* "HDR0" */
  49 #define BUFSIZE (16 * 1024)
  50 #define MAX_ARGS 8
  51
  52 #define DEBUG
  53
  54 #define SYSTYPE_UNKNOWN     0
  55 #define SYSTYPE_BROADCOM    1
  56 /* to be continued */
  57
  58 struct trx_header {
  59         uint32_t magic;         /* "HDR0" */
  60         uint32_t len;           /* Length of file including header */
  61         uint32_t crc32;         /* 32-bit CRC from flag_version to end of file */
  62         uint32_t flag_version;  /* 0:15 flags, 16:31 version */
  63         uint32_t offsets[3];    /* Offsets of partitions from start of header */
  64 };
  65
  66 char buf[BUFSIZE];
  67 int buflen;
  68 int quiet;
  69
  70 #ifdef target_brcm
  71 int
  72 image_check_brcm(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
  73 {
  74         struct trx_header *trx = (struct trx_header *) buf;
  75         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
  76         int fd;
  77
  78         if (strcmp(mtd, "linux") != 0)
  79                 return 1;
  80
  81         buflen = read(imagefd, buf, 32);
  82         if (buflen < 32) {
  83                 fprintf(stdout, "Could not get image header, file too small (%ld bytes)\n", buflen);
  84                 return 0;
  85         }
  86
  87         if (trx->magic != TRX_MAGIC || trx->len < sizeof(struct trx_header)) {
  88                 if (quiet < 2) {
  89                         fprintf(stderr, "Bad trx header\n");
  90                         fprintf(stderr, "This is not the correct file format; refusing to flash.\n"
  91                                         "Please specify the correct file or use -f to force.\n");
  92                 }
  93                 return 0;
  94         }
  95
  96         /* check if image fits to mtd device */
  97         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
  98         if(fd < 0) {
  99                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 100                 exit(1);
 101         }
 102
 103         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 104                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 105                 exit(1);
 106         }
 107
 108         if(mtdInfo.size < trx->len) {
 109                 fprintf(stderr, "Image too big for partition: %s\n", mtd);
 110                 close(fd);
 111                 return 0;
 112         }
 113
 114         close(fd);
 115         return 1;
 116 }
 117 #endif /* target_brcm */
 118
 119 int
 120 image_check(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
 121 {
 122         int fd, systype;
 123         size_t count;
 124         char *c;
 125         FILE *f;
 126
 127 #ifdef target_brcm
 128         return image_check_brcm(imagefd, mtd);
 129 #endif
 130 }
 131
 132 int mtd_check(char *mtd)
 133 {
 134         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 135         int fd;
 136
 137         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 138         if(fd < 0) {
 139                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 140                 return 0;
 141         }
 142
 143         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 144                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 145                 close(fd);
 146                 return 0;
 147         }
 148
 149         close(fd);
 150         return 1;
 151 }
 152
 153 int
 154 mtd_unlock(const char *mtd)
 155 {
 156         int fd;
 157         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 158         struct erase_info_user mtdLockInfo;
 159
 160         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 161         if(fd < 0) {
 162                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 163                 exit(1);
 164         }
 165
 166         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 167                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 168                 close(fd);
 169                 exit(1);
 170         }
 171
 172         mtdLockInfo.start = 0;
 173         mtdLockInfo.length = mtdInfo.size;
 174         if(ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdLockInfo)) {
 175                 close(fd);
 176                 return 0;
 177         }
 178
 179         close(fd);
 180         return 0;
 181 }
 182
 183 int
 184 mtd_open(const char *mtd, int flags)
 185 {
 186         FILE *fp;
 187         char dev[PATH_MAX];
 188         int i;
 189         int ret;
 190
 191         if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mtd", "r"))) {
 192                 while (fgets(dev, sizeof(dev), fp)) {
 193                         if (sscanf(dev, "mtd%d:", &i) && strstr(dev, mtd)) {
 194                                 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd/%d", i);
 195                                 if ((ret=open(dev, flags))<0) {
 196                                         snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%d", i);
 197                                         ret=open(dev, flags);
 198                                 }
 199                                 fclose(fp);
 200                                 return ret;
 201                         }
 202                 }
 203                 fclose(fp);
 204         }
 205
 206         return open(mtd, flags);
 207 }
 208
 209 int
 210 mtd_erase(const char *mtd)
 211 {
 212         int fd;
 213         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 214         struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
 215
 216         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 217         if(fd < 0) {
 218                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 219                 exit(1);
 220         }
 221
 222         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 223                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 224                 close(fd);
 225                 exit(1);
 226         }
 227
 228         mtdEraseInfo.length = mtdInfo.erasesize;
 229
 230         for (mtdEraseInfo.start = 0;
 231                  mtdEraseInfo.start < mtdInfo.size;
 232                  mtdEraseInfo.start += mtdInfo.erasesize) {
 233
 234                 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
 235                 if(ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo))
 236                         fprintf(stderr, "Failed to erase block on %s at 0x%x\n", mtd, mtdEraseInfo.start);
 237         }
 238
 239         close(fd);
 240         return 0;
 241
 242 }
 243
 244 int
 245 mtd_refresh(const char *mtd)
 246 {
 247         int fd;
 248
 249         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 250         if(fd < 0) {
 251                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 252                 exit(1);
 253         }
 254         if (ioctl(fd, MTDREFRESH, NULL)) {
 255                 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to refresh the MTD device\n");
 256                 close(fd);
 257                 exit(1);
 258         }
 259         close(fd);
 260         return 0;
 261 }
 262
 263 int
 264 mtd_write(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
 265 {
 266         int fd, i, result;
 267         size_t r, w, e;
 268         struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
 269         struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
 270         int ret = 0;
 271
 272         fd = mtd_open(mtd, O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
 273         if(fd < 0) {
 274                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
 275                 exit(1);
 276         }
 277
 278         if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
 279                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
 280                 close(fd);
 281                 exit(1);
 282         }
 283
 284         r = w = e = 0;
 285         if (!quiet)
 286                 fprintf(stderr, " [ ]");
 287
 288         for (;;) {
 289                 /* buffer may contain data already (from trx check) */
 290                 r = buflen;
 291                 r += read(imagefd, buf + buflen, BUFSIZE - buflen);
 292                 w += r;
 293
 294                 /* EOF */
 295                 if (r <= 0) break;
 296
 297                 /* need to erase the next block before writing data to it */
 298                 while (w > e) {
 299                         mtdEraseInfo.start = e;
 300                         mtdEraseInfo.length = mtdInfo.erasesize;
 301
 302                         if (!quiet)
 303                                 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[e]");
 304                         /* erase the chunk */
 305                         if (ioctl (fd,MEMERASE,&mtdEraseInfo) < 0) {
 306                                 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing mtd failed: %s\n", mtd);
 307                                 exit(1);
 308                         }
 309                         e += mtdInfo.erasesize;
 310                 }
 311
 312                 if (!quiet)
 313                         fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[w]");
 314
 315                 if ((result = write(fd, buf, r)) < r) {
 316                         if (result < 0) {
 317                                 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing image.\n");
 318                                 exit(1);
 319                         } else {
 320                                 fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient space.\n");
 321                                 exit(1);
 322                         }
 323                 }
 324
 325                 buflen = 0;
 326         }
 327         if (!quiet)
 328                 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b");
 329
 330         close(fd);
 331         return 0;
 332 }
 333
 334 void usage(void)
 335 {
 336         fprintf(stderr, "Usage: mtd [<options> ...] <command> [<arguments> ...] <device>\n\n"
 337         "The device is in the format of mtdX (eg: mtd4) or its label.\n"
 338         "mtd recognizes these commands:\n"
 339         "        unlock                  unlock the device\n"
 340         "        refresh                 refresh mtd partition\n"
 341         "        erase                   erase all data on device\n"
 342         "        write <imagefile>|-     write <imagefile> (use - for stdin) to device\n"
 343         "Following options are available:\n"
 344         "        -q                      quiet mode (once: no [w] on writing,\n"
 345         "                                           twice: no status messages)\n"
 346         "        -r                      reboot after successful command\n"
 347         "        -f                      force write without trx checks\n"
 348         "        -e <device>             erase <device> before executing the command\n\n"
 349         "Example: To write linux.trx to mtd4 labeled as linux and reboot afterwards\n"
 350         "         mtd -r write linux.trx linux\n\n");
 351         exit(1);
 352 }
 353
 354 int main (int argc, char **argv)
 355 {
 356         int ch, i, boot, unlock, imagefd, force, unlocked;
 357         char *erase[MAX_ARGS], *device, *imagefile;
 358         enum {
 359                 CMD_ERASE,
 360                 CMD_WRITE,
 361                 CMD_UNLOCK,
 362                 CMD_REFRESH
 363         } cmd;
 364
 365         erase[0] = NULL;
 366         boot = 0;
 367         force = 0;
 368         buflen = 0;
 369         quiet = 0;
 370
 371         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "frqe:")) != -1)
 372                 switch (ch) {
 373                         case 'f':
 374                                 force = 1;
 375                                 break;
 376                         case 'r':
 377                                 boot = 1;
 378                                 break;
 379                         case 'q':
 380                                 quiet++;
 381                                 break;
 382                         case 'e':
 383                                 i = 0;
 384                                 while ((erase[i] != NULL) && ((i + 1) < MAX_ARGS))
 385                                         i++;
 386
 387                                 erase[i++] = optarg;
 388                                 erase[i] = NULL;
 389                                 break;
 390
 391                         case '?':
 392                         default:
 393                                 usage();
 394                 }
 395         argc -= optind;
 396         argv += optind;
 397
 398         if (argc < 2)
 399                 usage();
 400
 401         if ((strcmp(argv[0], "unlock") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
 402                 cmd = CMD_UNLOCK;
 403                 device = argv[1];
 404         } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "refresh") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
 405                 cmd = CMD_REFRESH;
 406                 device = argv[1];
 407         } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "erase") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
 408                 cmd = CMD_ERASE;
 409                 device = argv[1];
 410         } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
 411                 cmd = CMD_WRITE;
 412                 device = argv[2];
 413
 414                 if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") == 0) {
 415                         imagefile = "<stdin>";
 416                         imagefd = 0;
 417                 } else {
 418                         imagefile = argv[1];
 419                         if ((imagefd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
 420                                 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open image file: %s!\n", imagefile);
 421                                 exit(1);
 422                         }
 423                 }
 424
 425                 /* check trx file before erasing or writing anything */
 426                 if (!image_check(imagefd, device)) {
 427                         if (!force) {
 428                                 fprintf(stderr, "Image check failed.\n");
 429                                 exit(1);
 430                         }
 431                 } else {
 432                         if (!mtd_check(device)) {
 433                                 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
 434                                 exit(1);
 435                         }
 436                 }
 437         } else {
 438                 usage();
 439         }
 440
 441         sync();
 442
 443         i = 0;
 444         unlocked = 0;
 445         while (erase[i] != NULL) {
 446                 if (quiet < 2)
 447                         fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", erase[i]);
 448                 mtd_unlock(erase[i]);
 449                 if (quiet < 2)
 450                         fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", erase[i]);
 451                 mtd_erase(erase[i]);
 452                 if (strcmp(erase[i], device) == 0)
 453                         unlocked = 1;
 454                 i++;
 455         }
 456
 457         if (!unlocked) {
 458                 if (quiet < 2)
 459                         fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", device);
 460                 mtd_unlock(device);
 461         }
 462
 463         switch (cmd) {
 464                 case CMD_UNLOCK:
 465                         break;
 466                 case CMD_ERASE:
 467                         if (quiet < 2)
 468                                 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", device);
 469                         mtd_erase(device);
 470                         break;
 471                 case CMD_WRITE:
 472                         if (quiet < 2)
 473                                 fprintf(stderr, "Writing from %s to %s ... ", imagefile, device);
 474                         mtd_write(imagefd, device);
 475                         if (quiet < 2)
 476                                 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 477                         break;
 478                 case CMD_REFRESH:
 479                         if (quiet < 2)
 480                                 fprintf(stderr, "Refreshing mtd partition %s ... ");
 481                         mtd_refresh(device);
 482                         if (quiet < 2)
 483                                 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 484                         break;
 485         }
 486
 487         sync();
 488
 489         if (boot) {
 490                 fprintf(stderr, "Rebooting ...\n");
 491                 fflush(stderr);
 492                 syscall(SYS_reboot,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2,LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART,NULL);
 493         }
 494         return 0;
 495 }