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 198
 199 <h1>Class <code>luci.ip</code></h1>
 200
 201 <p>
 202  LuCI IP calculation and netlink access library.</p>
 203
 204
 205
 206
 207
 208
 209
 210 <h2>Functions</h2>
 211 <table class="function_list">
 212
 213         <tr>
 214         <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#new">new</a>&nbsp;(address, netmask)</td>
 215         <td class="summary">
 216
 217 Construct a new luci.ip.cidr instance and autodetect the address family.</td>
 218         </tr>
 219
 220         <tr>
 221         <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#IPv4">IPv4</a>&nbsp;(address, netmask)</td>
 222         <td class="summary">
 223
 224 Construct a new IPv4 luci.ip.cidr instance.</td>
 225         </tr>
 226
 227         <tr>
 228         <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#IPv6">IPv6</a>&nbsp;(address, netmask)</td>
 229         <td class="summary">
 230
 231 Construct a new IPv6 luci.ip.cidr instance.</td>
 232         </tr>
 233
 234         <tr>
 235         <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#route">route</a>&nbsp;(address)</td>
 236         <td class="summary">
 237
 238 Determine the route leading to the given destination.</td>
 239         </tr>
 240
 241         <tr>
 242         <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#routes">routes</a>&nbsp;(filter, callback)</td>
 243         <td class="summary">
 244
 245 Fetch all routes, optionally matching the given criteria.</td>
 246         </tr>
 247
 248         <tr>
 249         <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#neighbors">neighbors</a>&nbsp;(filter, callback)</td>
 250         <td class="summary">
 251
 252 Fetches entries from the IPv4 ARP and IPv6 neighbour kernel table </td>
 253         </tr>
 254
 255         <tr>
 256         <td class="name" nowrap><a href="#link">link</a>&nbsp;(device)</td>
 257         <td class="summary">
 258
 259 Fetch basic device information </td>
 260         </tr>
 261
 262 </table>
 263
 264
 265
 266
 267
 268
 269 <br/>
 270 <br/>
 271
 272
 273 <h2><a name="functions"></a>Functions</h2>
 274 <dl class="function">
 275
 276
 277
 278 <dt><a name="new"></a><strong>new</strong>&nbsp;(address, netmask)</dt>
 279 <dd>
 280
 281
 282 Construct a new luci.ip.cidr instance and autodetect the address family.
 283 Throws an error if the given strings do not represent a valid address or
 284 if the given optional netmask is of a different family.
 285
 286
 287 <h3>Parameters</h3>
 288 <ul>
 289
 290         <li>
 291           address: String containing a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address, optionally
 292 with prefix size (CIDR notation) or netmask separated by slash.
 293         </li>
 294
 295         <li>
 296           netmask: String containing a valid IPv4 or IPv6 netmask or number
 297 containing a prefix size in bits (<code>0..32</code> for IPv4,
 298 <code>0..128</code> for IPv6). Overrides mask embedded in the first argument
 299 if specified. (optional)
 300         </li>
 301
 302 </ul>
 303
 304
 305
 306
 307 <h3>Usage:</h3>
 308 <pre>addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1/24")
 309 addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1/255.255.255.0")
 310 addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1", "255.255.255.0")        -- separate netmask
 311 addr = luci.ip.new("10.24.0.1/24", 16)                  -- override netmask
 312
 313 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64")
 314 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
 315 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17", "ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
 316 addr6 = luci.ip.new("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64", 128) -- override netmask</pre>
 317
 318
 319
 320 <h3>Return value:</h3>
 321 A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> object representing the given
 322 address/mask range.
 323
 324
 325
 326 <h3>See also:</h3>
 327 <ul>
 328
 329         <li><a href="#IPv4">
 330                 IPv4
 331         </a>
 332
 333         <li><a href="#IPv6">
 334                 IPv6
 335         </a>
 336
 337 </ul>
 338
 339 </dd>
 340
 341
 342
 343
 344 <dt><a name="IPv4"></a><strong>IPv4</strong>&nbsp;(address, netmask)</dt>
 345 <dd>
 346
 347
 348 Construct a new IPv4 luci.ip.cidr instance.
 349 Throws an error if the given string does not represent a valid IPv4 address or
 350 if the given optional netmask is of a different family.
 351
 352
 353 <h3>Parameters</h3>
 354 <ul>
 355
 356         <li>
 357           address: String containing a valid IPv4, optionally with prefix size
 358 (CIDR notation) or netmask separated by slash.
 359         </li>
 360
 361         <li>
 362           netmask: String containing a valid IPv4 netmask or number
 363 containing a prefix size between <code>0</code> and <code>32</code> bit.
 364 Overrides mask embedded in the first argument if specified. (optional)
 365         </li>
 366
 367 </ul>
 368
 369
 370
 371
 372 <h3>Usage:</h3>
 373 <pre>addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1/24")
 374 addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1/255.255.255.0")
 375 addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1", "255.255.255.0")        -- separate netmask
 376 addr = luci.ip.IPv4("10.24.0.1/24", 16)                  -- override netmask</pre>
 377
 378
 379
 380 <h3>Return value:</h3>
 381 A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> object representing the given IPv4 range.
 382
 383
 384
 385 <h3>See also:</h3>
 386 <ul>
 387
 388         <li><a href="#IPv6">
 389                 IPv6
 390         </a>
 391
 392 </ul>
 393
 394 </dd>
 395
 396
 397
 398
 399 <dt><a name="IPv6"></a><strong>IPv6</strong>&nbsp;(address, netmask)</dt>
 400 <dd>
 401
 402
 403 Construct a new IPv6 luci.ip.cidr instance.
 404 Throws an error if the given string does not represent a valid IPv6 address or
 405 if the given optional netmask is of a different family.
 406
 407
 408 <h3>Parameters</h3>
 409 <ul>
 410
 411         <li>
 412           address: String containing a valid IPv6, optionally with prefix size
 413 (CIDR notation) or netmask separated by slash.
 414         </li>
 415
 416         <li>
 417           netmask: String containing a valid IPv4 netmask or number
 418 containing a prefix size between <code>0</code> and <code>128</code> bit.
 419 Overrides mask embedded in the first argument if specified. (optional)
 420         </li>
 421
 422 </ul>
 423
 424
 425
 426
 427 <h3>Usage:</h3>
 428 <pre>addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64")
 429 addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
 430 addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17", "ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::")
 431 addr6 = luci.ip.IPv6("fe80::221:63ff:fe75:aa17/64", 128) -- override netmask</pre>
 432
 433
 434
 435 <h3>Return value:</h3>
 436 A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> object representing the given IPv6 range.
 437
 438
 439
 440 <h3>See also:</h3>
 441 <ul>
 442
 443         <li><a href="#IPv4">
 444                 IPv4
 445         </a>
 446
 447 </ul>
 448
 449 </dd>
 450
 451
 452
 453
 454 <dt><a name="route"></a><strong>route</strong>&nbsp;(address)</dt>
 455 <dd>
 456
 457
 458 Determine the route leading to the given destination.
 459
 460
 461 <h3>Parameters</h3>
 462 <ul>
 463
 464         <li>
 465           address: A <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance or a string containing
 466 a valid IPv4 or IPv6 range as specified by <code>luci.ip.new()</code>.
 467         </li>
 468
 469 </ul>
 470
 471
 472
 473
 474 <h3>Usage:</h3>
 475 <ul>
 476 <li>Find default gateway by getting route to Google's public NS server
 477 <pre>rt = luci.ip.route("8.8.8.8")
 478 if rt ~= nil then
 479         print("gateway is", rt.gw)
 480 end</pre></li>
 481 <li>Determine IPv6 upstream interface <pre>rt = luci.ip.route("2001::/7")
 482 if rt ~= nil then
 483         print("ipv6 upstream device is", rt.dev)
 484 end</pre></li>
 485 </ul>
 486
 487
 488
 489 <h3>Return value:</h3>
 490 <p>Table containing the fields described below.</p>
 491 <table id="routetable">
 492 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 493 <tr><td><code>type</code><td>
 494   <p>Route type with one of the following numeric values:</p>
 495   <table>
 496   <tr>
 497         <td><code>1</code></td>
 498         <td><code>RTN_UNICAST</code> - Gateway or direct route</td>
 499   </tr>
 500   <tr>
 501         <td><code>2</code></td>
 502         <td><code>RTN_LOCAL</code> - Accept locally</td>
 503   </tr>
 504   <tr>
 505         <td><code>3</code></td>
 506         <td><code>RTN_BROADCAST</code> -
 507             Accept locally as broadcast send as broadcast</td>
 508   </tr>
 509   <tr>
 510         <td><code>4</code></td>
 511         <td><code>RTN_ANYCAST</code> -
 512         Accept locally as broadcast but send as unicast</td>
 513   </tr>
 514   <tr>
 515         <td><code>5</code></td>
 516         <td><code>RTN_MULTICAST</code> - Multicast route</td>
 517   </tr>
 518   </table>
 519 </td></tr>
 520 <tr>
 521   <td><code>family</code></td>
 522   <td>Number containing the route family, <code>4</code> for IPv4 or
 523       <code>6</code> for IPv6</td>
 524 </tr>
 525 <tr>
 526   <td><code>dest</code></td>
 527   <td>Destination <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance</td>
 528 </tr>
 529 <tr>
 530   <td><code>gw</code></td>
 531   <td>Gateway <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance (optional)</td>
 532 </tr>
 533 <tr>
 534   <td><code>from</code></td>
 535   <td>Source address <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance (optional)</td>
 536 </tr>
 537 <tr>
 538   <td><code>src</code></td>
 539   <td>Preferred source <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance (optional)</td>
 540 </tr>
 541 <tr>
 542   <td><code>dev</code></td>
 543   <td>String containing the name of the outgoing interface</td>
 544 </tr>
 545 <tr>
 546   <td><code>iif</code></td>
 547   <td>String containing the name of the incoming interface (optional)</td>
 548 </tr>
 549 <tr>
 550   <td><code>table</code></td>
 551   <td>Number of the associated routing table (<code>0..65535</code>)</td>
 552 </tr>
 553 <tr>
 554   <td><code>proto</code></td>
 555   <td>Number of the associated routing protocol</td>
 556 </tr>
 557 <tr>
 558   <td><code>scope</code></td>
 559   <td>Number describing the scope of the route, most commonly
 560       <code>0</code> for global or <code>253</code> for on-link</td>
 561 </tr>
 562 <tr>
 563   <td><code>metric</code></td>
 564   <td>Number describing the route metric (optional)</td>
 565 </tr>
 566 <tr>
 567   <td><code>expires</code></td>
 568   <td>Number of seconds the prefix is valid (IPv6 only, optional)</td>
 569 </tr>
 570 <tr>
 571   <td><code>error</code></td>
 572   <td>Route destination error code (optional)</td>
 573 </tr>
 574 </table>
 575
 576
 577
 578 <h3>See also:</h3>
 579 <ul>
 580
 581         <li><a href="#routes">
 582                 routes
 583         </a>
 584
 585 </ul>
 586
 587 </dd>
 588
 589
 590
 591
 592 <dt><a name="routes"></a><strong>routes</strong>&nbsp;(filter, callback)</dt>
 593 <dd>
 594
 595
 596 Fetch all routes, optionally matching the given criteria.
 597
 598
 599 <h3>Parameters</h3>
 600 <ul>
 601
 602         <li>
 603           filter: <p>Table containing one or more of the possible filter
 604 critera described below (optional)</p><table>
 605 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 606 <tr><td><code>family</code></td><td>
 607  Number describing the address family to return - <code>4</code> selects
 608  IPv4 routes, <code>6</code> IPv6 ones. Any other value selects both.
 609 </td></tr>
 610 <tr><td><code>iif</code></td><td>
 611  String containing the incoming route interface to match.
 612 </td></tr>
 613 <tr><td><code>oif</code></td><td>
 614  String containing the outgoing route interface to match.
 615 </td></tr>
 616 <tr><td><code>type</code></td><td>
 617  Numeric type to match, e.g. <code>1</code> for unicast.
 618 </td></tr>
 619 <tr><td><code>scope</code></td><td>
 620  Numeric scope to match, e.g. <code>253</code> for onlink.
 621 </td></tr>
 622 <tr><td><code>proto</code></td><td>
 623  Numeric protocol to match, e.g. <code>2</code> for boot.
 624 </td></tr>
 625 <tr><td><code>table</code></td><td>
 626  Numeric routing table to match (<code>0..65535</code>).
 627 </td></tr>
 628 <tr><td><code>gw</code></td><td>
 629  String containing the gateway address to match. Can be in any notation
 630  specified by <code>luci.ip.new()</code>. Prefix matching is performed when
 631  comparing the routes, e.g. "192.168.1.0/24" would select routes with gateway
 632  addresses <code>192.168.1.1 .. 192.168.1.255</code>.
 633 </td></tr>
 634 <tr><td><code>dest</code></td><td>
 635  String containing the destination to match. Prefix matching is performed.
 636 </td></tr>
 637 <tr><td><code>from</code></td><td>
 638  String containing the source address to match. Prefix matching is performed.
 639 </td></tr>
 640 <tr><td><code>src</code></td><td>
 641  String containing the preferred source address to match.
 642  Prefix matching is performed.
 643 </td></tr>
 644 <tr><td><code>dest_exact</code></td><td>
 645  String containing the destination to match. Exact matching is performed,
 646  e.g. <code>dest = "0.0.0.0/0"</code> would match <em>any</em> IPv4 route
 647  while <code>dest_exact = "0.0.0.0/0"</code> will <em>only</em> match the
 648  default route.
 649 </td></tr>
 650 <tr><td><code>from_exact</code></td><td>
 651  String containing the source address to match. Exact matching is performed.
 652 </td></tr>
 653 </table>
 654         </li>
 655
 656         <li>
 657           callback: <p>Callback function to invoke for each found route
 658 instead of returning one table of route objects (optional)</p>
 659         </li>
 660
 661 </ul>
 662
 663
 664
 665
 666 <h3>Usage:</h3>
 667 <ul>
 668 <li>Find all IPv4 default routes:
 669 <pre>luci.ip.routes({ dest_exact = "0.0.0.0/0" }, function(rt)
 670         print(rt.type, rt.gw, rt.dev)
 671 end)</pre></li>
 672 <li>Find all global IPv6 prefixes on the current system:
 673 <pre>luci.ip.routes({ from = "2001::/7" }, function(rt)
 674         print(rt.from)
 675 end)</pre></li>
 676 <li>Fetch all IPv4 routes:
 677 <pre>routes = luci.ip.routes({ family = 4 })
 678 for _, rt in ipairs(routes) do
 679         print(rt.dest, rt.gw, rt.dev)
 680 end</pre></li>
 681 </ul>
 682
 683
 684
 685 <h3>Return value:</h3>
 686 If no callback function is provided, a table of routes
 687 <a href="#routetable">as specified by <code>luci.ip.route()</code></a>
 688 is returned. If a callback function is given, it is invoked for each route
 689 and nothing is returned.
 690
 691
 692
 693 <h3>See also:</h3>
 694 <ul>
 695
 696         <li><a href="#route">
 697                 route
 698         </a>
 699
 700 </ul>
 701
 702 </dd>
 703
 704
 705
 706
 707 <dt><a name="neighbors"></a><strong>neighbors</strong>&nbsp;(filter, callback)</dt>
 708 <dd>
 709
 710
 711 Fetches entries from the IPv4 ARP and IPv6 neighbour kernel table
 712
 713
 714 <h3>Parameters</h3>
 715 <ul>
 716
 717         <li>
 718           filter: <p>Table containing one or more of the possible filter
 719 critera described below (optional)</p><table>
 720 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 721 <tr><td><code>family</code></td><td>
 722  Number describing the address family to return - <code>4</code> selects
 723  IPv4 ARP, <code>6</code> select IPv6 neighbour entries. Any other value
 724  selects both.
 725 </td></tr>
 726 <tr><td><code>dev</code></td><td>
 727  String containing the associated interface to match.
 728 </td></tr>
 729 <tr><td><code>dest</code></td><td>
 730  String containing the associated address to match. Can be in any notation
 731  specified by <code>luci.ip.new()</code>. Prefix matching is performed when
 732  comparing the addresses, e.g. "192.168.1.0/24" would select ARP entries
 733  for <code>192.168.1.1 .. 192.168.1.255</code>.
 734 </td></tr>
 735 <tr><td><code>mac</code></td><td>
 736  String containing MAC address to match.
 737 </td></tr>
 738 </table>
 739         </li>
 740
 741         <li>
 742           callback: <p>Callback function to invoke for each found neighbour
 743 entry instead of returning one table of neighbour entries (optional)</p>
 744         </li>
 745
 746 </ul>
 747
 748
 749
 750
 751 <h3>Usage:</h3>
 752 <ul>
 753 <li>Find all ARP neighbours in the LAN:
 754 <pre>luci.ip.neighbors({ dest = "192.168.0.0/16" }, function(n)
 755         print(n.dest, n.mac)
 756 end)</pre></li>
 757 <li>Find all active IPv6 addresses of host with given MAC:
 758 <pre>luci.ip.neighbors({ family = 6, mac = "00:21:63:75:aa:17" },
 759         function(n)
 760                 print(n.dest)
 761         end)</pre></li>
 762 </ul>
 763
 764
 765
 766 <h3>Return value:</h3>
 767 If no callback function is provided, a table of neighbour entries
 768 is returned. If a callback function is given, it is invoked for each entry
 769 and nothing is returned.
 770
 771 A neighbour entry is a table containing the following fields:
 772
 773 <table>
 774 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 775 <tr>
 776   <td><code>family</code></td>
 777   <td>Number containing the neighbour entry family, <code>4</code> for IPv4
 778       ARP or <code>6</code> for IPv6 NDP</td>
 779 </tr>
 780 <tr>
 781   <td><code>dev</code></td>
 782   <td>String containing the associated device of the neighbour entry</td>
 783 </tr>
 784 <tr>
 785   <td><code>dest</code></td>
 786   <td>IP address <code>luci.ip.cidr</code> instance</td>
 787 </tr>
 788 <tr>
 789   <td><code>mac</code></td>
 790   <td>String containing the associated MAC address</td>
 791 </tr>
 792 <tr>
 793   <td><code>router</code></td>
 794   <td>Boolean "true" if the neighbour entry is a router (IPv6, optional)</td>
 795 </tr>
 796 <tr>
 797   <td><code>proxy</code></td>
 798   <td>Boolean "true" if this is a proxy entry (optional)</td>
 799 </tr>
 800 <tr>
 801   <td><code>incomplete</code></td>
 802   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in incomplete state (optional)</td>
 803 </tr>
 804 <tr>
 805   <td><code>reachable</code></td>
 806   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in reachable state (optional)</td>
 807 </tr>
 808 <tr>
 809   <td><code>stale</code></td>
 810   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is stale (optional)</td>
 811 </tr>
 812 <tr>
 813   <td><code>delay</code></td>
 814   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is delayed (optional)</td>
 815 </tr>
 816 <tr>
 817   <td><code>probe</code></td>
 818   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in probe state (optional)</td>
 819 </tr>
 820 <tr>
 821   <td><code>failed</code></td>
 822   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is in failed state (optional)</td>
 823 </tr>
 824 <tr>
 825   <td><code>noarp</code></td>
 826   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry is not caused by NDP or
 827       ARP (optional)</td>
 828 </tr>
 829 <tr>
 830   <td><code>permanent</code></td>
 831   <td>Boolean "true" if the entry was statically configured from
 832       userspace (optional)</td>
 833 </tr>
 834 </table>
 835
 836
 837
 838 </dd>
 839
 840
 841
 842
 843 <dt><a name="link"></a><strong>link</strong>&nbsp;(device)</dt>
 844 <dd>
 845
 846
 847 Fetch basic device information
 848
 849
 850 <h3>Parameters</h3>
 851 <ul>
 852
 853         <li>
 854           device: String containing the network device to query
 855         </li>
 856
 857 </ul>
 858
 859
 860
 861
 862 <h3>Usage:</h3>
 863 <ul>
 864 <li>Test whether device br-lan exists:
 865 <pre>print(luci.ip.link("br-lan").name ~= nil)
 866 </pre></li>
 867 <li>Query MAC address of eth0:
 868 <pre>print(luci.ip.link("eth0").mac)
 869 </pre></li>
 870 </ul>
 871
 872
 873
 874 <h3>Return value:</h3>
 875 If the given interface is found, a table containing the fields
 876 described below is returned, else an empty table.
 877
 878 <table>
 879 <tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 880 <tr>
 881   <td><code>up</code></td>
 882   <td>Boolean indicating whether the device is in IFF_RUNNING state</td>
 883 </tr>
 884 <tr>
 885   <td><code>type</code></td>
 886   <td>Numeric value indicating the type of the device, e.g. <code>1</code>
 887       for ethernet.</td>
 888 </tr>
 889 <tr>
 890   <td><code>name</code></td>
 891   <td>String containing the name of the device</td>
 892 </tr>
 893 <tr>
 894   <td><code>master</code></td>
 895   <td>If queried device is a bridge port, string containing the name of
 896       parent bridge device (optional)</td>
 897 </tr>
 898 <tr>
 899   <td><code>mtu</code></td>
 900   <td>Number containing the current MTU of the device</td>
 901 </tr>
 902 <tr>
 903   <td><code>qlen</code></td>
 904   <td>Number containing the TX queue length of the device</td>
 905 </tr>
 906 <tr>
 907   <td><code>mac</code></td>
 908   <td>String containing the link local address of the device in
 909       dotted hex notation</td>
 910 </tr>
 911 </table>
 912
 913
 914
 915 </dd>
 916
 917
 918 </dl>
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