libs/sys/luasrc/sys.lua

   1 --[[
   2 LuCI - System library
   3
   4 Description:
   5 Utilities for interaction with the Linux system
   6
   7 FileId:
   8 $Id$
   9
  10 License:
  11 Copyright 2008 Steven Barth <steven@midlink.org>
  12
  13 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  14 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  15 You may obtain a copy of the License at
  16
  17         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  18
  19 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  20 distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  21 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  22 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  23 limitations under the License.
  24
  25 ]]--
  26
  27
  28 local io    = require "io"
  29 local os    = require "os"
  30 local posix = require "posix"
  31 local table = require "table"
  32
  33 local luci  = {}
  34 luci.util   = require "luci.util"
  35 luci.fs     = require "luci.fs"
  36 luci.ip     = require "luci.ip"
  37
  38 local tonumber, ipairs, pairs = tonumber, ipairs, pairs
  39
  40
  41 --- LuCI Linux and POSIX system utilities.
  42 module "luci.sys"
  43
  44 --- Execute a given shell command and return the error code
  45 -- @class               function
  46 -- @name                call
  47 -- @param               ...             Command to call
  48 -- @return              Error code of the command
  49 function call(...)
  50         return os.execute(...) / 256
  51 end
  52
  53 --- Execute a given shell command and capture its standard output
  54 -- @class               function
  55 -- @name                exec
  56 -- @param command       Command to call
  57 -- @return                      String containg the return the output of the command
  58 exec = luci.util.exec
  59
  60 --- Invoke the luci-flash executable to write an image to the flash memory.
  61 -- @param image         Local path or URL to image file
  62 -- @param kpattern      Pattern of files to keep over flash process
  63 -- @return                      Return value of os.execute()
  64 function flash(image, kpattern)
  65         local cmd = "luci-flash "
  66         if kpattern then
  67                 cmd = cmd .. "-k '" .. kpattern:gsub("'", "") .. "' "
  68         end
  69         cmd = cmd .. "'" .. image:gsub("'", "") .. "' >/dev/null 2>&1"
  70
  71         return os.execute(cmd)
  72 end
  73
  74 --- Retrieve information about currently mounted file systems.
  75 -- @return      Table containing mount information
  76 function mounts()
  77         local data = {}
  78         local k = {"fs", "blocks", "used", "available", "percent", "mountpoint"}
  79         local ps = luci.util.execi("df")
  80
  81         if not ps then
  82                 return
  83         else
  84                 ps()
  85         end
  86
  87         for line in ps do
  88                 local row = {}
  89
  90                 local j = 1
  91                 for value in line:gmatch("[^%s]+") do
  92                         row[k[j]] = value
  93                         j = j + 1
  94                 end
  95
  96                 if row[k[1]] then
  97
  98                         -- this is a rather ugly workaround to cope with wrapped lines in
  99                         -- the df output:
 100                         --
 101                         --      /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part3
 102                         --                   114382024  93566472  15005244  86% /mnt/usb
 103                         --
 104
 105                         if not row[k[2]] then
 106                                 j = 2
 107                                 line = ps()
 108                                 for value in line:gmatch("[^%s]+") do
 109                                         row[k[j]] = value
 110                                         j = j + 1
 111                                 end
 112                         end
 113
 114                         table.insert(data, row)
 115                 end
 116         end
 117
 118         return data
 119 end
 120
 121 --- Retrieve environment variables. If no variable is given then a table
 122 -- containing the whole environment is returned otherwise this function returns
 123 -- the corresponding string value for the given name or nil if no such variable
 124 -- exists.
 125 -- @class               function
 126 -- @name                getenv
 127 -- @param var   Name of the environment variable to retrieve (optional)
 128 -- @return              String containg the value of the specified variable
 129 -- @return              Table containing all variables if no variable name is given
 130 getenv = posix.getenv
 131
 132 --- Determine the current hostname.
 133 -- @return              String containing the system hostname
 134 function hostname()
 135         return io.lines("/proc/sys/kernel/hostname")()
 136 end
 137
 138 --- Returns the contents of a documented referred by an URL.
 139 -- @param url    The URL to retrieve
 140 -- @param stream Return a stream instead of a buffer
 141 -- @param target Directly write to target file name
 142 -- @return              String containing the contents of given the URL
 143 function httpget(url, stream, target)
 144         if not target then
 145                 local source = stream and io.open or luci.util.exec
 146                 return source("wget -qO- '"..url:gsub("'", "").."'")
 147         else
 148                 return os.execute("wget -qO '%s' '%s'" %
 149                         {target:gsub("'", ""), url:gsub("'", "")})
 150         end
 151 end
 152
 153 --- Returns the system load average values.
 154 -- @return      String containing the average load value 1 minute ago
 155 -- @return      String containing the average load value 5 minutes ago
 156 -- @return      String containing the average load value 15 minutes ago
 157 -- @return      String containing the active and total number of processes
 158 -- @return      String containing the last used pid
 159 function loadavg()
 160         local loadavg = io.lines("/proc/loadavg")()
 161         return loadavg:match("^(.-) (.-) (.-) (.-) (.-)$")
 162 end
 163
 164 --- Initiate a system reboot.
 165 -- @return      Return value of os.execute()
 166 function reboot()
 167         return os.execute("reboot >/dev/null 2>&1")
 168 end
 169
 170 --- Returns the system type, cpu name and installed physical memory.
 171 -- @return      String containing the system or platform identifier
 172 -- @return      String containing hardware model information
 173 -- @return      String containing the total memory amount in kB
 174 -- @return      String containing the memory used for caching in kB
 175 -- @return      String containing the memory used for buffering in kB
 176 -- @return      String containing the free memory amount in kB
 177 function sysinfo()
 178         local c1 = "cat /proc/cpuinfo|grep system\\ typ|cut -d: -f2 2>/dev/null"
 179         local c2 = "uname -m 2>/dev/null"
 180         local c3 = "cat /proc/cpuinfo|grep model\\ name|cut -d: -f2 2>/dev/null"
 181         local c4 = "cat /proc/cpuinfo|grep cpu\\ model|cut -d: -f2 2>/dev/null"
 182         local c5 = "cat /proc/meminfo|grep MemTotal|awk {' print $2 '} 2>/dev/null"
 183         local c6 = "cat /proc/meminfo|grep ^Cached|awk {' print $2 '} 2>/dev/null"
 184         local c7 = "cat /proc/meminfo|grep MemFree|awk {' print $2 '} 2>/dev/null"
 185         local c8 = "cat /proc/meminfo|grep Buffers|awk {' print $2 '} 2>/dev/null"
 186
 187         local system = luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c1))
 188         local model = ""
 189         local memtotal = tonumber(luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c5)))
 190         local memcached = tonumber(luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c6)))
 191         local memfree = tonumber(luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c7)))
 192         local membuffers = tonumber(luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c8)))
 193
 194         if system == "" then
 195                 system = luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c2))
 196                 model = luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c3))
 197         else
 198                 model = luci.util.trim(luci.util.exec(c4))
 199         end
 200
 201         return system, model, memtotal, memcached, membuffers, memfree
 202 end
 203
 204 --- Retrieves the output of the "logread" command.
 205 -- @return      String containing the current log buffer
 206 function syslog()
 207         return luci.util.exec("logread")
 208 end
 209
 210 --- Generates a random id with specified length.
 211 -- @param bytes Number of bytes for the unique id
 212 -- @return              String containing hex encoded id
 213 function uniqueid(bytes)
 214         local fp    = io.open("/dev/urandom")
 215         local chunk = { fp:read(bytes):byte(1, bytes) }
 216         fp:close()
 217
 218         local hex = ""
 219
 220         local pattern = "%02X"
 221         for i, byte in ipairs(chunk) do
 222                 hex = hex .. pattern:format(byte)
 223         end
 224
 225         return hex
 226 end
 227
 228 --- Returns the current system uptime stats.
 229 -- @return      String containing total uptime in seconds
 230 -- @return      String containing idle time in seconds
 231 function uptime()
 232         local loadavg = io.lines("/proc/uptime")()
 233         return loadavg:match("^(.-) (.-)$")
 234 end
 235
 236 --- LuCI system utilities / POSIX user group related functions.
 237 -- @class       module
 238 -- @name        luci.sys.group
 239 group = {}
 240
 241 --- Returns information about a POSIX user group.
 242 -- @class function
 243 -- @name                getgroup
 244 -- @param group Group ID or name of a system user group
 245 -- @return      Table with information about the requested group
 246 group.getgroup = posix.getgroup
 247
 248
 249 --- LuCI system utilities / network related functions.
 250 -- @class       module
 251 -- @name        luci.sys.net
 252 net = {}
 253
 254 --- Returns the current arp-table entries as two-dimensional table.
 255 -- @return      Table of table containing the current arp entries.
 256 --                      The following fields are defined for arp entry objects:
 257 --                      { "IP address", "HW address", "HW type", "Flags", "Mask", "Device" }
 258 function net.arptable()
 259         return _parse_delimited_table(io.lines("/proc/net/arp"), "%s%s+")
 260 end
 261
 262 --- Determine the current default route.
 263 -- @return      Table with the properties of the current default route.
 264 --                      The following fields are defined:
 265 --                      { "Mask", "RefCnt", "Iface", "Flags", "Window", "IRTT",
 266 --                        "MTU", "Gateway", "Destination", "Metric", "Use" }
 267 function net.defaultroute()
 268         local routes = net.routes()
 269         local route = nil
 270
 271         for i, r in pairs(luci.sys.net.routes()) do
 272                 if r.Destination == "00000000" and (not route or route.Metric > r.Metric) then
 273                         route = r
 274                 end
 275         end
 276
 277         return route
 278 end
 279
 280 --- Determine the names of available network interfaces.
 281 -- @return      Table containing all current interface names
 282 function net.devices()
 283         local devices = {}
 284         for line in io.lines("/proc/net/dev") do
 285                 table.insert(devices, line:match(" *(.-):"))
 286         end
 287         return devices
 288 end
 289
 290
 291 --- Return information about available network interfaces.
 292 -- @return      Table containing all current interface names and their information
 293 function net.deviceinfo()
 294         local devices = {}
 295         for line in io.lines("/proc/net/dev") do
 296                 local name, data = line:match("^ *(.-): *(.*)$")
 297                 if name and data then
 298                         devices[name] = luci.util.split(data, " +", nil, true)
 299                 end
 300         end
 301         return devices
 302 end
 303
 304
 305 -- Determine the MAC address belonging to the given IP address.
 306 -- @param ip    IPv4 address
 307 -- @return              String containing the MAC address or nil if it cannot be found
 308 function net.ip4mac(ip)
 309         local mac = nil
 310
 311         for i, l in ipairs(net.arptable()) do
 312                 if l["IP address"] == ip then
 313                         mac = l["HW address"]
 314                 end
 315         end
 316
 317         return mac
 318 end
 319
 320 --- Returns the current kernel routing table entries.
 321 -- @return      Table of tables with properties of the corresponding routes.
 322 --                      The following fields are defined for route entry tables:
 323 --                      { "Mask", "RefCnt", "Iface", "Flags", "Window", "IRTT",
 324 --                        "MTU", "Gateway", "Destination", "Metric", "Use" }
 325 function net.routes()
 326         return _parse_delimited_table(io.lines("/proc/net/route"))
 327 end
 328
 329
 330 --- Tests whether the given host responds to ping probes.
 331 -- @param host  String containing a hostname or IPv4 address
 332 -- @return              Number containing 0 on success and >= 1 on error
 333 function net.pingtest(host)
 334         return os.execute("ping -c1 '"..host:gsub("'", '').."' >/dev/null 2>&1")
 335 end
 336
 337
 338 --- LuCI system utilities / process related functions.
 339 -- @class       module
 340 -- @name        luci.sys.process
 341 process = {}
 342
 343 --- Get the current process id.
 344 -- @class function
 345 -- @name  process.info
 346 -- @return      Number containing the current pid
 347 process.info = posix.getpid
 348
 349 --- Retrieve information about currently running processes.
 350 -- @return      Table containing process information
 351 function process.list()
 352         local data = {}
 353         local k
 354         local ps = luci.util.execi("top -bn1")
 355
 356         if not ps then
 357                 return
 358         end
 359
 360         while true do
 361                 local line = ps()
 362                 if not line then
 363                         return
 364                 end
 365
 366                 k = luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(line), "%s+", nil, true)
 367                 if k[1] == "PID" then
 368                         break
 369                 end
 370         end
 371
 372         for line in ps do
 373                 local row = {}
 374
 375                 line = luci.util.trim(line)
 376                 for i, value in ipairs(luci.util.split(line, "%s+", #k-1, true)) do
 377                         row[k[i]] = value
 378                 end
 379
 380                 local pid = tonumber(row[k[1]])
 381                 if pid then
 382                         data[pid] = row
 383                 end
 384         end
 385
 386         return data
 387 end
 388
 389 --- Set the gid of a process identified by given pid.
 390 -- @param pid   Number containing the process id
 391 -- @param gid   Number containing the Unix group id
 392 -- @return              Boolean indicating successful operation
 393 -- @return              String containing the error message if failed
 394 -- @return              Number containing the error code if failed
 395 function process.setgroup(pid, gid)
 396         return posix.setpid("g", pid, gid)
 397 end
 398
 399 --- Set the uid of a process identified by given pid.
 400 -- @param pid   Number containing the process id
 401 -- @param uid   Number containing the Unix user id
 402 -- @return              Boolean indicating successful operation
 403 -- @return              String containing the error message if failed
 404 -- @return              Number containing the error code if failed
 405 function process.setuser(pid, uid)
 406         return posix.setpid("u", pid, uid)
 407 end
 408
 409 --- Send a signal to a process identified by given pid.
 410 -- @class function
 411 -- @name  process.signal
 412 -- @param pid   Number containing the process id
 413 -- @param sig   Signal to send (default: 15 [SIGTERM])
 414 -- @return              Boolean indicating successful operation
 415 -- @return              Number containing the error code if failed
 416 process.signal = posix.kill
 417
 418
 419 --- LuCI system utilities / user related functions.
 420 -- @class       module
 421 -- @name        luci.sys.user
 422 user = {}
 423
 424 --- Retrieve user informations for given uid.
 425 -- @class               function
 426 -- @name                getuser
 427 -- @param uid   Number containing the Unix user id
 428 -- @return              Table containing the following fields:
 429 --                              { "uid", "gid", "name", "passwd", "dir", "shell", "gecos" }
 430 user.getuser = posix.getpasswd
 431
 432 --- Test whether given string matches the password of a given system user.
 433 -- @param username      String containing the Unix user name
 434 -- @param password      String containing the password to compare
 435 -- @return                      Boolean indicating wheather the passwords are equal
 436 function user.checkpasswd(username, password)
 437         local account = user.getuser(username)
 438
 439         if account then
 440                 local pwd = account.passwd
 441                 local shadowpw
 442                 if #pwd == 1 then
 443                         if luci.fs.stat("/etc/shadow") then
 444                                 if not pcall(function()
 445                                         for l in io.lines("/etc/shadow") do
 446                                                 shadowpw = l:match("^%s:([^:]+)" % username)
 447                                                 if shadowpw then
 448                                                         pwd = shadowpw
 449                                                         break
 450                                                 end
 451                                         end
 452                                 end) then
 453                                         return nil, "Unable to access shadow-file"
 454                                 end
 455                         end
 456
 457                         if pwd == "!" then
 458                                 return true
 459                         end
 460                 end
 461
 462                 return (pwd == posix.crypt(password, pwd))
 463         end
 464 end
 465
 466 --- Change the password of given user.
 467 -- @param username      String containing the Unix user name
 468 -- @param password      String containing the password to compare
 469 -- @return                      Number containing 0 on success and >= 1 on error
 470 function user.setpasswd(username, password)
 471         if password then
 472                 password = password:gsub("'", "")
 473         end
 474
 475         if username then
 476                 username = username:gsub("'", "")
 477         end
 478
 479         local cmd = "(echo '"..password.."';sleep 1;echo '"..password.."')|"
 480         cmd = cmd .. "passwd '"..username.."' >/dev/null 2>&1"
 481         return os.execute(cmd)
 482 end
 483
 484
 485 --- LuCI system utilities / wifi related functions.
 486 -- @class       module
 487 -- @name        luci.sys.wifi
 488 wifi = {}
 489
 490 --- Get iwconfig output for all wireless devices.
 491 -- @return      Table of tables containing the iwconfing output for each wifi device
 492 function wifi.getiwconfig()
 493         local cnt = luci.util.exec("/usr/sbin/iwconfig 2>/dev/null")
 494         local iwc = {}
 495
 496         for i, l in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(cnt), "\n\n")) do
 497                 local k = l:match("^(.-) ")
 498                 l = l:gsub("^(.-) +", "", 1)
 499                 if k then
 500                         iwc[k] = _parse_mixed_record(l)
 501                 end
 502         end
 503
 504         return iwc
 505 end
 506
 507 --- Get iwlist scan output from all wireless devices.
 508 -- @return      Table of tables contaiing all scan results
 509 function wifi.iwscan(iface)
 510         local siface = iface or ""
 511         local cnt = luci.util.exec("iwlist "..siface.." scan 2>/dev/null")
 512         local iws = {}
 513
 514         for i, l in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(cnt), "\n\n")) do
 515                 local k = l:match("^(.-) ")
 516                 l = l:gsub("^[^\n]+", "", 1)
 517                 l = luci.util.trim(l)
 518                 if k then
 519                         iws[k] = {}
 520                         for j, c in pairs(luci.util.split(l, "\n          Cell")) do
 521                                 c = c:gsub("^(.-)- ", "", 1)
 522                                 c = luci.util.split(c, "\n", 7)
 523                                 c = table.concat(c, "\n", 1)
 524                                 table.insert(iws[k], _parse_mixed_record(c))
 525                         end
 526                 end
 527         end
 528
 529         return iface and (iws[iface] or {}) or iws
 530 end
 531
 532
 533 --- LuCI system utilities / init related functions.
 534 -- @class       module
 535 -- @name        luci.sys.init
 536 init = {}
 537 init.dir = "/etc/init.d/"
 538
 539 --- Get the names of all installed init scripts
 540 -- @return      Table containing the names of all inistalled init scripts
 541 function init.names()
 542         local names = { }
 543         for _, name in ipairs(luci.fs.glob(init.dir.."*")) do
 544                 names[#names+1] = luci.fs.basename(name)
 545         end
 546         return names
 547 end
 548
 549 --- Test whether the given init script is enabled
 550 -- @param name  Name of the init script
 551 -- @return              Boolean indicating whether init is enabled
 552 function init.enabled(name)
 553         if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
 554                 return ( call(init.dir..name.." enabled") == 0 )
 555         end
 556         return false
 557 end
 558
 559 --- Get the index of he given init script
 560 -- @param name  Name of the init script
 561 -- @return              Numeric index value
 562 function init.index(name)
 563         if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
 564                 return call("source "..init.dir..name.."; exit $START")
 565         end
 566 end
 567
 568 --- Enable the given init script
 569 -- @param name  Name of the init script
 570 -- @return              Boolean indicating success
 571 function init.enable(name)
 572         if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
 573                 return ( call(init.dir..name.." enable") == 1 )
 574         end
 575 end
 576
 577 --- Disable the given init script
 578 -- @param name  Name of the init script
 579 -- @return              Boolean indicating success
 580 function init.disable(name)
 581         if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
 582                 return ( call(init.dir..name.." disable") == 0 )
 583         end
 584 end
 585
 586
 587 -- Internal functions
 588
 589 function _parse_delimited_table(iter, delimiter)
 590         delimiter = delimiter or "%s+"
 591
 592         local data  = {}
 593         local trim  = luci.util.trim
 594         local split = luci.util.split
 595
 596         local keys = split(trim(iter()), delimiter, nil, true)
 597         for i, j in pairs(keys) do
 598                 keys[i] = trim(keys[i])
 599         end
 600
 601         for line in iter do
 602                 local row = {}
 603                 line = trim(line)
 604                 if #line > 0 then
 605                         for i, j in pairs(split(line, delimiter, nil, true)) do
 606                                 if keys[i] then
 607                                         row[keys[i]] = j
 608                                 end
 609                         end
 610                 end
 611                 table.insert(data, row)
 612         end
 613
 614         return data
 615 end
 616
 617 function _parse_mixed_record(cnt)
 618         local data = {}
 619
 620         for i, l in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(cnt), "\n")) do
 621         for j, f in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(l), "  ")) do
 622                 local k, x, v = f:match('([^%s][^:=]+) *([:=]*) *"*([^\n"]*)"*')
 623
 624             if k then
 625                                 if x == "" then
 626                                         table.insert(data, k)
 627                                 else
 628                         data[k] = v
 629                                 end
 630             end
 631         end
 632         end
 633
 634     return data
 635 end