[project/luci.git] / libs / sys / luasrc / sys.lua

--[[
LuCI - System library

Description:
Utilities for interaction with the Linux system

FileId:
$Id$

License:
Copyright 2008 Steven Barth <steven@midlink.org>

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.

]]--


local io    = require "io"
local os    = require "os"
local nixio = require "nixio"
local table = require "table"

local luci  = {}
luci.util   = require "luci.util"
luci.fs     = require "luci.fs"
luci.ip     = require "luci.ip"

local tonumber, ipairs, pairs, pcall, type =
        tonumber, ipairs, pairs, pcall, type


--- LuCI Linux and POSIX system utilities.
module "luci.sys"

--- Execute a given shell command and return the error code
-- @class               function
-- @name                call
-- @param               ...             Command to call
-- @return              Error code of the command
function call(...)
        return os.execute(...) / 256
end

--- Execute a given shell command and capture its standard output
-- @class               function
-- @name                exec
-- @param command       Command to call
-- @return                      String containg the return the output of the command
exec = luci.util.exec

--- Invoke the luci-flash executable to write an image to the flash memory.
-- @param image         Local path or URL to image file
-- @param kpattern      Pattern of files to keep over flash process
-- @return                      Return value of os.execute()
function flash(image, kpattern)
        local cmd = "luci-flash "
        if kpattern then
                cmd = cmd .. "-k '" .. kpattern:gsub("'", "") .. "' "
        end
        cmd = cmd .. "'" .. image:gsub("'", "") .. "' >/dev/null 2>&1"

        return os.execute(cmd)
end

--- Retrieve information about currently mounted file systems.
-- @return      Table containing mount information
function mounts()
        local data = {}
        local k = {"fs", "blocks", "used", "available", "percent", "mountpoint"}
        local ps = luci.util.execi("df")

        if not ps then
                return
        else
                ps()
        end

        for line in ps do
                local row = {}

                local j = 1
                for value in line:gmatch("[^%s]+") do
                        row[k[j]] = value
                        j = j + 1
                end

                if row[k[1]] then

                        -- this is a rather ugly workaround to cope with wrapped lines in
                        -- the df output:
                        --
                        --      /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part3
                        --                   114382024  93566472  15005244  86% /mnt/usb
                        --

                        if not row[k[2]] then
                                j = 2
                                line = ps()
                                for value in line:gmatch("[^%s]+") do
                                        row[k[j]] = value
                                        j = j + 1
                                end
                        end

                        table.insert(data, row)
                end
        end

        return data
end

--- Retrieve environment variables. If no variable is given then a table
-- containing the whole environment is returned otherwise this function returns
-- the corresponding string value for the given name or nil if no such variable
-- exists.
-- @class               function
-- @name                getenv
-- @param var   Name of the environment variable to retrieve (optional)
-- @return              String containg the value of the specified variable
-- @return              Table containing all variables if no variable name is given
getenv = nixio.getenv

--- Get or set the current hostname.
-- @param               String containing a new hostname to set (optional)
-- @return              String containing the system hostname
function hostname(newname)
        if type(newname) == "string" and #newname > 0 then
                luci.fs.writefile( "/proc/sys/kernel/hostname", newname .. "\n" )
                return newname
        else
                return nixio.uname().nodename
        end
end

--- Returns the contents of a documented referred by an URL.
-- @param url    The URL to retrieve
-- @param stream Return a stream instead of a buffer
-- @param target Directly write to target file name
-- @return              String containing the contents of given the URL
function httpget(url, stream, target)
        if not target then
                local source = stream and io.popen or luci.util.exec
                return source("wget -qO- '"..url:gsub("'", "").."'")
        else
                return os.execute("wget -qO '%s' '%s'" %
                        {target:gsub("'", ""), url:gsub("'", "")})
        end
end

--- Returns the system load average values.
-- @return      String containing the average load value 1 minute ago
-- @return      String containing the average load value 5 minutes ago
-- @return      String containing the average load value 15 minutes ago
function loadavg()
        local info = nixio.sysinfo()
        return info.loads[1], info.loads[2], info.loads[3]
end

--- Initiate a system reboot.
-- @return      Return value of os.execute()
function reboot()
        return os.execute("reboot >/dev/null 2>&1")
end

--- Returns the system type, cpu name and installed physical memory.
-- @return      String containing the system or platform identifier
-- @return      String containing hardware model information
-- @return      String containing the total memory amount in kB
-- @return      String containing the memory used for caching in kB
-- @return      String containing the memory used for buffering in kB
-- @return      String containing the free memory amount in kB
function sysinfo()
        local cpuinfo = luci.fs.readfile("/proc/cpuinfo")
        local meminfo = luci.fs.readfile("/proc/meminfo")

        local system = cpuinfo:match("system typ.-:%s*([^\n]+)")
        local model = ""
        local memtotal = tonumber(meminfo:match("MemTotal:%s*(%d+)"))
        local memcached = tonumber(meminfo:match("\nCached:%s*(%d+)"))
        local memfree = tonumber(meminfo:match("MemFree:%s*(%d+)"))
        local membuffers = tonumber(meminfo:match("Buffers:%s*(%d+)"))

        if not system then
                system = nixio.uname().machine
                model = cpuinfo:match("model name.-:%s*([^\n]+)")
                if not model then
                        model = cpuinfo:match("Processor.-:%s*([^\n]+)")
                end
        else
                model = cpuinfo:match("cpu model.-:%s*([^\n]+)")
        end

        return system, model, memtotal, memcached, membuffers, memfree
end

--- Retrieves the output of the "logread" command.
-- @return      String containing the current log buffer
function syslog()
        return luci.util.exec("logread")
end

--- Retrieves the output of the "dmesg" command.
-- @return      String containing the current log buffer
function dmesg()
        return luci.util.exec("dmesg")
end

--- Generates a random id with specified length.
-- @param bytes Number of bytes for the unique id
-- @return              String containing hex encoded id
function uniqueid(bytes)
        local fp    = io.open("/dev/urandom")
        local chunk = { fp:read(bytes):byte(1, bytes) }
        fp:close()

        local hex = ""

        local pattern = "%02X"
        for i, byte in ipairs(chunk) do
                hex = hex .. pattern:format(byte)
        end

        return hex
end

--- Returns the current system uptime stats.
-- @return      String containing total uptime in seconds
-- @return      String containing idle time in seconds
function uptime()
        local loadavg = io.lines("/proc/uptime")()
        return loadavg:match("^(.-) (.-)$")
end


--- LuCI system utilities / network related functions.
-- @class       module
-- @name        luci.sys.net
net = {}

--- Returns the current arp-table entries as two-dimensional table.
-- @return      Table of table containing the current arp entries.
--                      The following fields are defined for arp entry objects:
--                      { "IP address", "HW address", "HW type", "Flags", "Mask", "Device" }
function net.arptable()
        return _parse_delimited_table(io.lines("/proc/net/arp"), "%s%s+")
end

--- Returns conntrack information
-- @return      Table with the currently tracked IP connections
function net.conntrack()
        local connt = {}
        if luci.fs.access("/proc/net/nf_conntrack", "r") then
                for line in io.lines("/proc/net/nf_conntrack") do
                        line = line:match "^(.-( [^ =]+=).-)%2"
                        local entry, flags = _parse_mixed_record(line, " +")
                        entry.layer3 = flags[1]
                        entry.layer4 = flags[3]
                        for i=1, #entry do
                                entry[i] = nil
                        end

                        connt[#connt+1] = entry
                end
        elseif luci.fs.access("/proc/net/ip_conntrack", "r") then
                for line in io.lines("/proc/net/ip_conntrack") do
                        line = line:match "^(.-( [^ =]+=).-)%2"
                        local entry, flags = _parse_mixed_record(line, " +")
                        entry.layer3 = "ipv4"
                        entry.layer4 = flags[1]
                        for i=1, #entry do
                                entry[i] = nil
                        end

                        connt[#connt+1] = entry
                end
        else
                return nil
        end
        return connt
end

--- Determine the current IPv4 default route. If multiple default routes exist,
-- return the one with the lowest metric.
-- @return      Table with the properties of the current default route.
--                      The following fields are defined:
--                      { "dest", "gateway", "metric", "refcount", "usecount", "irtt",
--                        "flags", "device" }
function net.defaultroute()
        local route

        net.routes(function(rt)
                if rt.dest:prefix() == 0 and (not route or route.metric > rt.metric) then
                        route = rt
                end
        end)

        return route
end

--- Determine the current IPv6 default route. If multiple default routes exist,
-- return the one with the lowest metric.
-- @return      Table with the properties of the current default route.
--                      The following fields are defined:
--                      { "source", "dest", "nexthop", "metric", "refcount", "usecount",
--                        "flags", "device" }
function net.defaultroute6()
        local route   = nil
        local routes6 = net.routes6()
        if routes6 then
                for _, r in pairs(routes6) do
                        if r.dest:prefix() == 0 and
                           (not route or route.metric > r.metric)
                        then
                                route = r
                        end
                end
        end
        return route
end

--- Determine the names of available network interfaces.
-- @return      Table containing all current interface names
function net.devices()
        local devices = {}
        for line in io.lines("/proc/net/dev") do
                table.insert(devices, line:match(" *(.-):"))
        end
        return devices
end


--- Return information about available network interfaces.
-- @return      Table containing all current interface names and their information
function net.deviceinfo()
        local devices = {}
        for line in io.lines("/proc/net/dev") do
                local name, data = line:match("^ *(.-): *(.*)$")
                if name and data then
                        devices[name] = luci.util.split(data, " +", nil, true)
                end
        end
        return devices
end


-- Determine the MAC address belonging to the given IP address.
-- @param ip    IPv4 address
-- @return              String containing the MAC address or nil if it cannot be found
function net.ip4mac(ip)
        local mac = nil

        for i, l in ipairs(net.arptable()) do
                if l["IP address"] == ip then
                        mac = l["HW address"]
                end
        end

        return mac
end

--- Returns the current kernel routing table entries.
-- @return      Table of tables with properties of the corresponding routes.
--                      The following fields are defined for route entry tables:
--                      { "dest", "gateway", "metric", "refcount", "usecount", "irtt",
--                        "flags", "device" }
function net.routes(callback)
        local routes = { }

        for line in io.lines("/proc/net/route") do

                local dev, dst_ip, gateway, flags, refcnt, usecnt, metric,
                          dst_mask, mtu, win, irtt = line:match(
                        "([^%s]+)\t([A-F0-9]+)\t([A-F0-9]+)\t([A-F0-9]+)\t" ..
                        "(%d+)\t(%d+)\t(%d+)\t([A-F0-9]+)\t(%d+)\t(%d+)\t(%d+)"
                )

                if dev then
                        gateway  = luci.ip.Hex( gateway,  32, luci.ip.FAMILY_INET4 )
                        dst_mask = luci.ip.Hex( dst_mask, 32, luci.ip.FAMILY_INET4 )
                        dst_ip   = luci.ip.Hex(
                                dst_ip, dst_mask:prefix(dst_mask), luci.ip.FAMILY_INET4
                        )

                        local rt = {
                                dest     = dst_ip,
                                gateway  = gateway,
                                metric   = tonumber(metric),
                                refcount = tonumber(refcnt),
                                usecount = tonumber(usecnt),
                                mtu      = tonumber(mtu),
                                window   = tonumber(window),
                                irtt     = tonumber(irtt),
                                flags    = tonumber(flags, 16),
                                device   = dev
                        }

                        if callback then
                                callback(rt)
                        else
                                routes[#routes+1] = rt
                        end
                end
        end

        return routes
end

--- Returns the current ipv6 kernel routing table entries.
-- @return      Table of tables with properties of the corresponding routes.
--                      The following fields are defined for route entry tables:
--                      { "source", "dest", "nexthop", "metric", "refcount", "usecount",
--                        "flags", "device" }
function net.routes6()
        if luci.fs.access("/proc/net/ipv6_route", "r") then
                local routes = { }

                for line in io.lines("/proc/net/ipv6_route") do

                        local dst_ip, dst_prefix, src_ip, src_prefix, nexthop,
                                  metric, refcnt, usecnt, flags, dev = line:match(
                                "([a-f0-9]+) ([a-f0-9]+) " ..
                                "([a-f0-9]+) ([a-f0-9]+) " ..
                                "([a-f0-9]+) ([a-f0-9]+) " ..
                                "([a-f0-9]+) ([a-f0-9]+) " ..
                                "([a-f0-9]+) +([^%s]+)"
                        )

                        src_ip = luci.ip.Hex(
                                src_ip, tonumber(src_prefix, 16), luci.ip.FAMILY_INET6, false
                        )

                        dst_ip = luci.ip.Hex(
                                dst_ip, tonumber(dst_prefix, 16), luci.ip.FAMILY_INET6, false
                        )

                        nexthop = luci.ip.Hex( nexthop, 128, luci.ip.FAMILY_INET6, false )

                        routes[#routes+1] = {
                                source   = src_ip,
                                dest     = dst_ip,
                                nexthop  = nexthop,
                                metric   = tonumber(metric, 16),
                                refcount = tonumber(refcnt, 16),
                                usecount = tonumber(usecnt, 16),
                                flags    = tonumber(flags, 16),
                                device   = dev
                        }
                end

                return routes
        end
end

--- Tests whether the given host responds to ping probes.
-- @param host  String containing a hostname or IPv4 address
-- @return              Number containing 0 on success and >= 1 on error
function net.pingtest(host)
        return os.execute("ping -c1 '"..host:gsub("'", '').."' >/dev/null 2>&1")
end


--- LuCI system utilities / process related functions.
-- @class       module
-- @name        luci.sys.process
process = {}

--- Get the current process id.
-- @class function
-- @name  process.info
-- @return      Number containing the current pid
function process.info(key)
        local s = {uid = nixio.getuid(), gid = nixio.getgid()}
        return not key and s or s[key]
end

--- Retrieve information about currently running processes.
-- @return      Table containing process information
function process.list()
        local data = {}
        local k
        local ps = luci.util.execi("top -bn1")

        if not ps then
                return
        end

        while true do
                local line = ps()
                if not line then
                        return
                end

                k = luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(line), "%s+", nil, true)
                if k[1] == "PID" then
                        break
                end
        end

        for line in ps do
                local row = {}

                line = luci.util.trim(line)
                for i, value in ipairs(luci.util.split(line, "%s+", #k-1, true)) do
                        row[k[i]] = value
                end

                local pid = tonumber(row[k[1]])
                if pid then
                        data[pid] = row
                end
        end

        return data
end

--- Set the gid of a process identified by given pid.
-- @param gid   Number containing the Unix group id
-- @return              Boolean indicating successful operation
-- @return              String containing the error message if failed
-- @return              Number containing the error code if failed
function process.setgroup(gid)
        return nixio.setgid(gid)
end

--- Set the uid of a process identified by given pid.
-- @param uid   Number containing the Unix user id
-- @return              Boolean indicating successful operation
-- @return              String containing the error message if failed
-- @return              Number containing the error code if failed
function process.setuser(uid)
        return nixio.setuid(uid)
end

--- Send a signal to a process identified by given pid.
-- @class function
-- @name  process.signal
-- @param pid   Number containing the process id
-- @param sig   Signal to send (default: 15 [SIGTERM])
-- @return              Boolean indicating successful operation
-- @return              Number containing the error code if failed
process.signal = nixio.kill


--- LuCI system utilities / user related functions.
-- @class       module
-- @name        luci.sys.user
user = {}

--- Retrieve user informations for given uid.
-- @class               function
-- @name                getuser
-- @param uid   Number containing the Unix user id
-- @return              Table containing the following fields:
--                              { "uid", "gid", "name", "passwd", "dir", "shell", "gecos" }
user.getuser = nixio.getpw

--- Test whether given string matches the password of a given system user.
-- @param username      String containing the Unix user name
-- @param pass          String containing the password to compare
-- @return                      Boolean indicating wheather the passwords are equal
function user.checkpasswd(username, pass)
        local pwe = nixio.getsp and nixio.getsp(username) or nixio.getpw(username)
        local pwh = pwe and (pwe.pwdp or pwe.passwd)
        if not pwh or #pwh < 1 or pwh ~= "!" and nixio.crypt(pass, pwh) ~= pwh then
                return false
        else
                return true
        end
end

--- Change the password of given user.
-- @param username      String containing the Unix user name
-- @param password      String containing the password to compare
-- @return                      Number containing 0 on success and >= 1 on error
function user.setpasswd(username, password)
        if password then
                password = password:gsub("'", "")
        end

        if username then
                username = username:gsub("'", "")
        end

        local cmd = "(echo '"..password.."';sleep 1;echo '"..password.."')|"
        cmd = cmd .. "passwd '"..username.."' >/dev/null 2>&1"
        return os.execute(cmd)
end


--- LuCI system utilities / wifi related functions.
-- @class       module
-- @name        luci.sys.wifi
wifi = {}

--- Get iwconfig output for all wireless devices.
-- @return      Table of tables containing the iwconfing output for each wifi device
function wifi.getiwconfig()
        local cnt = luci.util.exec("PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin iwconfig 2>/dev/null")
        local iwc = {}

        for i, l in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(cnt), "\n\n")) do
                local k = l:match("^(.-) ")
                l = l:gsub("^(.-) +", "", 1)
                if k then
                        local entry, flags = _parse_mixed_record(l)
                        if entry then
                                entry.flags = flags
                        end
                        iwc[k] = entry
                end
        end

        return iwc
end

--- Get iwlist scan output from all wireless devices.
-- @return      Table of tables contaiing all scan results
function wifi.iwscan(iface)
        local siface = iface or ""
        local cnt = luci.util.exec("iwlist "..siface.." scan 2>/dev/null")
        local iws = {}

        for i, l in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(cnt), "\n\n")) do
                local k = l:match("^(.-) ")
                l = l:gsub("^[^\n]+", "", 1)
                l = luci.util.trim(l)
                if k then
                        iws[k] = {}
                        for j, c in pairs(luci.util.split(l, "\n          Cell")) do
                                c = c:gsub("^(.-)- ", "", 1)
                                c = luci.util.split(c, "\n", 7)
                                c = table.concat(c, "\n", 1)
                                local entry, flags = _parse_mixed_record(c)
                                if entry then
                                        entry.flags = flags
                                end
                                table.insert(iws[k], entry)
                        end
                end
        end

        return iface and (iws[iface] or {}) or iws
end

--- Get available channels from given wireless iface.
-- @param iface Wireless interface (optional)
-- @return              Table of available channels
function wifi.channels(iface)
        local cmd = "iwlist " .. ( iface or "" ) .. " freq 2>/dev/null"
        local cns = { }

        local fd = io.popen(cmd)
        if fd then
                local ln, c, f
                while true do
                        ln = fd:read("*l")
                        if not ln then break end
                        c, f = ln:match("Channel (%d+) : (%d+%.%d+) GHz")
                        if c and f then
                                cns[tonumber(c)] = tonumber(f)
                        end
                end
                fd:close()
        end

        if not ((pairs(cns))(cns)) then
                cns = {
                        2.412, 2.417, 2.422, 2.427, 2.432, 2.437,
                        2.442, 2.447, 2.452, 2.457, 2.462
                }
        end

        return cns
end


--- LuCI system utilities / init related functions.
-- @class       module
-- @name        luci.sys.init
init = {}
init.dir = "/etc/init.d/"

--- Get the names of all installed init scripts
-- @return      Table containing the names of all inistalled init scripts
function init.names()
        local names = { }
        for _, name in ipairs(luci.fs.glob(init.dir.."*")) do
                names[#names+1] = luci.fs.basename(name)
        end
        return names
end

--- Test whether the given init script is enabled
-- @param name  Name of the init script
-- @return              Boolean indicating whether init is enabled
function init.enabled(name)
        if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
                return ( call(init.dir..name.." enabled") == 0 )
        end
        return false
end

--- Get the index of he given init script
-- @param name  Name of the init script
-- @return              Numeric index value
function init.index(name)
        if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
                return call("source "..init.dir..name.."; exit $START")
        end
end

--- Enable the given init script
-- @param name  Name of the init script
-- @return              Boolean indicating success
function init.enable(name)
        if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
                return ( call(init.dir..name.." enable") == 1 )
        end
end

--- Disable the given init script
-- @param name  Name of the init script
-- @return              Boolean indicating success
function init.disable(name)
        if luci.fs.access(init.dir..name) then
                return ( call(init.dir..name.." disable") == 0 )
        end
end


-- Internal functions

function _parse_delimited_table(iter, delimiter)
        delimiter = delimiter or "%s+"

        local data  = {}
        local trim  = luci.util.trim
        local split = luci.util.split

        local keys = split(trim(iter()), delimiter, nil, true)
        for i, j in pairs(keys) do
                keys[i] = trim(keys[i])
        end

        for line in iter do
                local row = {}
                line = trim(line)
                if #line > 0 then
                        for i, j in pairs(split(line, delimiter, nil, true)) do
                                if keys[i] then
                                        row[keys[i]] = j
                                end
                        end
                end
                table.insert(data, row)
        end

        return data
end

function _parse_mixed_record(cnt, delimiter)
        delimiter = delimiter or "  "
        local data = {}
        local flags = {}

        for i, l in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(cnt), "\n")) do
                for j, f in pairs(luci.util.split(luci.util.trim(l), delimiter, nil, true)) do
                        local k, x, v = f:match('([^%s][^:=]*) *([:=]*) *"*([^\n"]*)"*')

                        if k then
                                if x == "" then
                                        table.insert(flags, k)
                                else
                                        data[k] = v
                                end
                        end
                end
        end

        return data, flags
end