18efcf57cf144d8e977995e38d1c415345b4b5c4
[openwrt/openwrt.git] / package / mtd / src / mtd.c
1 /*
2 * mtd - simple memory technology device manipulation tool
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2005 Waldemar Brodkorb <wbx@dass-it.de>,
5 * Copyright (C) 2005-2009 Felix Fietkau <nbd@openwrt.org>
6 *
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2
9 * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 *
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 *
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
19 *
20 *
21 * The code is based on the linux-mtd examples.
22 */
23
24 #include <limits.h>
25 #include <unistd.h>
26 #include <stdlib.h>
27 #include <stdio.h>
28 #include <stdint.h>
29 #include <signal.h>
30 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
31 #include <sys/syscall.h>
32 #include <fcntl.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <error.h>
35 #include <time.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
38 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/mount.h>
41 #include <sys/stat.h>
42 #include <sys/reboot.h>
43 #include <linux/reboot.h>
44 #include <mtd/mtd-user.h>
45 #include "fis.h"
46 #include "mtd.h"
47
48 #ifndef MTDREFRESH
49 #define MTDREFRESH _IO('M', 50)
50 #endif
51
52 #define MAX_ARGS 8
53 #define JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR "" /* directory name without /, empty means root dir */
54
55 static char *buf = NULL;
56 static char *imagefile = NULL;
57 static char *jffs2file = NULL, *jffs2dir = JFFS2_DEFAULT_DIR;
58 static int buflen = 0;
59 int quiet;
60 int no_erase;
61 int mtdsize = 0;
62 int erasesize = 0;
63
64 int mtd_open(const char *mtd, bool block)
65 {
66 FILE *fp;
67 char dev[PATH_MAX];
68 int i;
69 int ret;
70 int flags = O_RDWR | O_SYNC;
71
72 if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mtd", "r"))) {
73 while (fgets(dev, sizeof(dev), fp)) {
74 if (sscanf(dev, "mtd%d:", &i) && strstr(dev, mtd)) {
75 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s/%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
76 if ((ret=open(dev, flags))<0) {
77 snprintf(dev, sizeof(dev), "/dev/mtd%s%d", (block ? "block" : ""), i);
78 ret=open(dev, flags);
79 }
80 fclose(fp);
81 return ret;
82 }
83 }
84 fclose(fp);
85 }
86
87 return open(mtd, flags);
88 }
89
90 int mtd_check_open(const char *mtd)
91 {
92 struct mtd_info_user mtdInfo;
93 int fd;
94
95 fd = mtd_open(mtd, false);
96 if(fd < 0) {
97 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
98 return -1;
99 }
100
101 if(ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtdInfo)) {
102 fprintf(stderr, "Could not get MTD device info from %s\n", mtd);
103 close(fd);
104 return -1;
105 }
106 mtdsize = mtdInfo.size;
107 erasesize = mtdInfo.erasesize;
108
109 return fd;
110 }
111
112 int mtd_erase_block(int fd, int offset)
113 {
114 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
115
116 mtdEraseInfo.start = offset;
117 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
118 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
119 if (ioctl (fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo) < 0)
120 return -1;
121
122 return 0;
123 }
124
125 int mtd_write_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, int offset, int length)
126 {
127 lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
128 write(fd, buf, length);
129 return 0;
130 }
131
132
133 static int
134 image_check(int imagefd, const char *mtd)
135 {
136 int ret = 1;
137 if (trx_check) {
138 ret = trx_check(imagefd, mtd, buf, &buflen);
139 }
140 return ret;
141 }
142
143 static int mtd_check(const char *mtd)
144 {
145 char *next = NULL;
146 char *str = NULL;
147 int fd;
148
149 if (strchr(mtd, ':')) {
150 str = strdup(mtd);
151 mtd = str;
152 }
153
154 do {
155 next = strchr(mtd, ':');
156 if (next) {
157 *next = 0;
158 next++;
159 }
160
161 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
162 if (fd < 0)
163 return 0;
164
165 if (!buf)
166 buf = malloc(erasesize);
167
168 close(fd);
169 mtd = next;
170 } while (next);
171
172 if (str)
173 free(str);
174
175 return 1;
176 }
177
178 static int
179 mtd_unlock(const char *mtd)
180 {
181 struct erase_info_user mtdLockInfo;
182 char *next = NULL;
183 char *str = NULL;
184 int fd;
185
186 if (strchr(mtd, ':')) {
187 str = strdup(mtd);
188 mtd = str;
189 }
190
191 do {
192 next = strchr(mtd, ':');
193 if (next) {
194 *next = 0;
195 next++;
196 }
197
198 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
199 if(fd < 0) {
200 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
201 exit(1);
202 }
203
204 if (quiet < 2)
205 fprintf(stderr, "Unlocking %s ...\n", mtd);
206
207 mtdLockInfo.start = 0;
208 mtdLockInfo.length = mtdsize;
209 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdLockInfo);
210 close(fd);
211 mtd = next;
212 } while (next);
213
214 if (str)
215 free(str);
216
217 return 0;
218 }
219
220 static int
221 mtd_erase(const char *mtd)
222 {
223 int fd;
224 struct erase_info_user mtdEraseInfo;
225
226 if (quiet < 2)
227 fprintf(stderr, "Erasing %s ...\n", mtd);
228
229 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
230 if(fd < 0) {
231 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
232 exit(1);
233 }
234
235 mtdEraseInfo.length = erasesize;
236
237 for (mtdEraseInfo.start = 0;
238 mtdEraseInfo.start < mtdsize;
239 mtdEraseInfo.start += erasesize) {
240
241 ioctl(fd, MEMUNLOCK, &mtdEraseInfo);
242 if(ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &mtdEraseInfo))
243 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to erase block on %s at 0x%x\n", mtd, mtdEraseInfo.start);
244 }
245
246 close(fd);
247 return 0;
248
249 }
250
251 static int
252 mtd_refresh(const char *mtd)
253 {
254 int fd;
255
256 if (quiet < 2)
257 fprintf(stderr, "Refreshing mtd partition %s ... ", mtd);
258
259 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
260 if(fd < 0) {
261 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
262 exit(1);
263 }
264
265 if (ioctl(fd, MTDREFRESH, NULL)) {
266 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to refresh the MTD device\n");
267 close(fd);
268 exit(1);
269 }
270 close(fd);
271
272 if (quiet < 2)
273 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
274
275 return 0;
276 }
277
278 static void
279 indicate_writing(const char *mtd)
280 {
281 if (quiet < 2)
282 fprintf(stderr, "\nWriting from %s to %s ... ", imagefile, mtd);
283
284 if (!quiet)
285 fprintf(stderr, " [ ]");
286 }
287
288 static int
289 mtd_write(int imagefd, const char *mtd, char *fis_layout, size_t part_offset)
290 {
291 char *next = NULL;
292 char *str = NULL;
293 int fd, result;
294 ssize_t r, w, e;
295 ssize_t skip = 0;
296 uint32_t offset = 0;
297 int jffs2_replaced = 0;
298
299 #ifdef FIS_SUPPORT
300 static struct fis_part new_parts[MAX_ARGS];
301 static struct fis_part old_parts[MAX_ARGS];
302 int n_new = 0, n_old = 0;
303
304 if (fis_layout) {
305 const char *tmp = mtd;
306 char *word, *brkt;
307 int ret;
308
309 memset(&old_parts, 0, sizeof(old_parts));
310 memset(&new_parts, 0, sizeof(new_parts));
311
312 do {
313 next = strchr(tmp, ':');
314 if (!next)
315 next = (char *) tmp + strlen(tmp);
316
317 memcpy(old_parts[n_old].name, tmp, next - tmp);
318
319 n_old++;
320 tmp = next + 1;
321 } while(*next);
322
323 for (word = strtok_r(fis_layout, ",", &brkt);
324 word;
325 word = strtok_r(NULL, ",", &brkt)) {
326
327 tmp = strtok(word, ":");
328 strncpy((char *) new_parts[n_new].name, tmp, sizeof(new_parts[n_new].name) - 1);
329
330 tmp = strtok(NULL, ":");
331 if (!tmp)
332 goto next;
333
334 new_parts[n_new].size = strtoul(tmp, NULL, 0);
335
336 tmp = strtok(NULL, ":");
337 if (!tmp)
338 goto next;
339
340 new_parts[n_new].loadaddr = strtoul(tmp, NULL, 16);
341 next:
342 n_new++;
343 }
344 ret = fis_validate(old_parts, n_old, new_parts, n_new);
345 if (ret < 0) {
346 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to validate the new FIS partition table\n");
347 exit(1);
348 }
349 if (ret == 0)
350 fis_layout = NULL;
351 }
352 #endif
353
354 if (strchr(mtd, ':')) {
355 str = strdup(mtd);
356 mtd = str;
357 }
358
359 r = 0;
360
361 resume:
362 next = strchr(mtd, ':');
363 if (next) {
364 *next = 0;
365 next++;
366 }
367
368 fd = mtd_check_open(mtd);
369 if(fd < 0) {
370 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open mtd device: %s\n", mtd);
371 exit(1);
372 }
373
374 if (part_offset > 0) {
375 fprintf(stderr, "Seeking on mtd device '%s' to: %u\n", mtd, part_offset);
376 lseek(fd, part_offset, SEEK_SET);
377 }
378
379 indicate_writing(mtd);
380
381 w = e = 0;
382 for (;;) {
383 /* buffer may contain data already (from trx check or last mtd partition write attempt) */
384 while (buflen < erasesize) {
385 r = read(imagefd, buf + buflen, erasesize - buflen);
386 if (r < 0) {
387 if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
388 continue;
389 else {
390 perror("read");
391 break;
392 }
393 }
394
395 if (r == 0)
396 break;
397
398 buflen += r;
399 }
400
401 if (buflen == 0)
402 break;
403
404 if (skip > 0) {
405 skip -= buflen;
406 buflen = 0;
407 if (skip <= 0)
408 indicate_writing(mtd);
409
410 continue;
411 }
412
413 if (jffs2file) {
414 if (memcmp(buf, JFFS2_EOF, sizeof(JFFS2_EOF) - 1) == 0) {
415 if (!quiet)
416 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b ");
417 if (quiet < 2)
418 fprintf(stderr, "\nAppending jffs2 data from %s to %s...", jffs2file, mtd);
419 /* got an EOF marker - this is the place to add some jffs2 data */
420 skip = mtd_replace_jffs2(mtd, fd, e, jffs2file);
421 jffs2_replaced = 1;
422
423 /* don't add it again */
424 jffs2file = NULL;
425
426 w += skip;
427 e += skip;
428 skip -= buflen;
429 buflen = 0;
430 offset = 0;
431 continue;
432 }
433 /* no EOF marker, make sure we figure out the last inode number
434 * before appending some data */
435 mtd_parse_jffs2data(buf, jffs2dir);
436 }
437
438 /* need to erase the next block before writing data to it */
439 if(!no_erase)
440 {
441 while (w + buflen > e) {
442 if (!quiet)
443 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[e]");
444
445
446 if (mtd_erase_block(fd, e) < 0) {
447 if (next) {
448 if (w < e) {
449 write(fd, buf + offset, e - w);
450 offset = e - w;
451 }
452 w = 0;
453 e = 0;
454 close(fd);
455 mtd = next;
456 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b \n");
457 goto resume;
458 } else {
459 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to erase block\n");
460 exit(1);
461 }
462 }
463
464 /* erase the chunk */
465 e += erasesize;
466 }
467 }
468
469 if (!quiet)
470 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b[w]");
471
472 if ((result = write(fd, buf + offset, buflen)) < buflen) {
473 if (result < 0) {
474 fprintf(stderr, "Error writing image.\n");
475 exit(1);
476 } else {
477 fprintf(stderr, "Insufficient space.\n");
478 exit(1);
479 }
480 }
481 w += buflen;
482
483 buflen = 0;
484 offset = 0;
485 }
486
487 if (jffs2_replaced && trx_fixup) {
488 trx_fixup(fd, mtd);
489 }
490
491 if (!quiet)
492 fprintf(stderr, "\b\b\b\b ");
493
494 done:
495 if (quiet < 2)
496 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
497
498 #ifdef FIS_SUPPORT
499 if (fis_layout) {
500 if (fis_remap(old_parts, n_old, new_parts, n_new) < 0)
501 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to update the FIS partition table\n");
502 }
503 #endif
504
505 close(fd);
506 return 0;
507 }
508
509 static void usage(void)
510 {
511 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: mtd [<options> ...] <command> [<arguments> ...] <device>[:<device>...]\n\n"
512 "The device is in the format of mtdX (eg: mtd4) or its label.\n"
513 "mtd recognizes these commands:\n"
514 " unlock unlock the device\n"
515 " refresh refresh mtd partition\n"
516 " erase erase all data on device\n"
517 " write <imagefile>|- write <imagefile> (use - for stdin) to device\n"
518 " jffs2write <file> append <file> to the jffs2 partition on the device\n");
519 if (mtd_fixtrx) {
520 fprintf(stderr,
521 " fixtrx fix the checksum in a trx header on first boot\n");
522 }
523 fprintf(stderr,
524 "Following options are available:\n"
525 " -q quiet mode (once: no [w] on writing,\n"
526 " twice: no status messages)\n"
527 " -n write without first erasing the blocks\n"
528 " -r reboot after successful command\n"
529 " -f force write without trx checks\n"
530 " -e <device> erase <device> before executing the command\n"
531 " -d <name> directory for jffs2write, defaults to \"tmp\"\n"
532 " -j <name> integrate <file> into jffs2 data when writing an image\n"
533 " -p write beginning at partition offset\n");
534 if (mtd_fixtrx) {
535 fprintf(stderr,
536 " -o offset offset of the image header in the partition(for fixtrx)\n");
537 }
538 fprintf(stderr,
539 #ifdef FIS_SUPPORT
540 " -F <part>[:<size>[:<entrypoint>]][,<part>...]\n"
541 " alter the fis partition table to create new partitions replacing\n"
542 " the partitions provided as argument to the write command\n"
543 " (only valid together with the write command)\n"
544 #endif
545 "\n"
546 "Example: To write linux.trx to mtd4 labeled as linux and reboot afterwards\n"
547 " mtd -r write linux.trx linux\n\n");
548 exit(1);
549 }
550
551 static void do_reboot(void)
552 {
553 fprintf(stderr, "Rebooting ...\n");
554 fflush(stderr);
555
556 /* try regular reboot method first */
557 system("/sbin/reboot");
558 sleep(2);
559
560 /* if we're still alive at this point, force the kernel to reboot */
561 syscall(SYS_reboot,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC1,LINUX_REBOOT_MAGIC2,LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART,NULL);
562 }
563
564 int main (int argc, char **argv)
565 {
566 int ch, i, boot, imagefd = 0, force, unlocked;
567 char *erase[MAX_ARGS], *device = NULL;
568 char *fis_layout = NULL;
569 size_t offset = 0, part_offset = 0;
570 enum {
571 CMD_ERASE,
572 CMD_WRITE,
573 CMD_UNLOCK,
574 CMD_REFRESH,
575 CMD_JFFS2WRITE,
576 CMD_FIXTRX,
577 } cmd = -1;
578
579 erase[0] = NULL;
580 boot = 0;
581 force = 0;
582 buflen = 0;
583 quiet = 0;
584 no_erase = 0;
585
586 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
587 #ifdef FIS_SUPPORT
588 "F:"
589 #endif
590 "frnqe:d:j:p:o:")) != -1)
591 switch (ch) {
592 case 'f':
593 force = 1;
594 break;
595 case 'r':
596 boot = 1;
597 break;
598 case 'n':
599 no_erase = 1;
600 break;
601 case 'j':
602 jffs2file = optarg;
603 break;
604 case 'q':
605 quiet++;
606 break;
607 case 'e':
608 i = 0;
609 while ((erase[i] != NULL) && ((i + 1) < MAX_ARGS))
610 i++;
611
612 erase[i++] = optarg;
613 erase[i] = NULL;
614 break;
615 case 'd':
616 jffs2dir = optarg;
617 break;
618 case 'p':
619 errno = 0;
620 part_offset = strtoul(optarg, 0, 0);
621 if (errno) {
622 fprintf(stderr, "-p: illegal numeric string\n");
623 usage();
624 }
625 break;
626 case 'o':
627 if (!mtd_fixtrx) {
628 fprintf(stderr, "-o: is not available on this platform\n");
629 usage();
630 }
631 errno = 0;
632 offset = strtoul(optarg, 0, 0);
633 if (errno) {
634 fprintf(stderr, "-o: illegal numeric string\n");
635 usage();
636 }
637 break;
638 #ifdef FIS_SUPPORT
639 case 'F':
640 fis_layout = optarg;
641 break;
642 #endif
643 case '?':
644 default:
645 usage();
646 }
647 argc -= optind;
648 argv += optind;
649
650 if (argc < 2)
651 usage();
652
653 if ((strcmp(argv[0], "unlock") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
654 cmd = CMD_UNLOCK;
655 device = argv[1];
656 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "refresh") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
657 cmd = CMD_REFRESH;
658 device = argv[1];
659 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "erase") == 0) && (argc == 2)) {
660 cmd = CMD_ERASE;
661 device = argv[1];
662 } else if (((strcmp(argv[0], "fixtrx") == 0) && (argc == 2)) && mtd_fixtrx) {
663 cmd = CMD_FIXTRX;
664 device = argv[1];
665 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
666 cmd = CMD_WRITE;
667 device = argv[2];
668
669 if (strcmp(argv[1], "-") == 0) {
670 imagefile = "<stdin>";
671 imagefd = 0;
672 } else {
673 imagefile = argv[1];
674 if ((imagefd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
675 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open image file: %s!\n", imagefile);
676 exit(1);
677 }
678 }
679
680 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
681 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
682 exit(1);
683 }
684 /* check trx file before erasing or writing anything */
685 if (!image_check(imagefd, device) && !force) {
686 fprintf(stderr, "Image check failed.\n");
687 exit(1);
688 }
689 } else if ((strcmp(argv[0], "jffs2write") == 0) && (argc == 3)) {
690 cmd = CMD_JFFS2WRITE;
691 device = argv[2];
692
693 imagefile = argv[1];
694 if (!mtd_check(device)) {
695 fprintf(stderr, "Can't open device for writing!\n");
696 exit(1);
697 }
698 } else {
699 usage();
700 }
701
702 sync();
703
704 i = 0;
705 unlocked = 0;
706 while (erase[i] != NULL) {
707 mtd_unlock(erase[i]);
708 mtd_erase(erase[i]);
709 if (strcmp(erase[i], device) == 0)
710 unlocked = 1;
711 i++;
712 }
713
714 switch (cmd) {
715 case CMD_UNLOCK:
716 if (!unlocked)
717 mtd_unlock(device);
718 break;
719 case CMD_ERASE:
720 if (!unlocked)
721 mtd_unlock(device);
722 mtd_erase(device);
723 break;
724 case CMD_WRITE:
725 if (!unlocked)
726 mtd_unlock(device);
727 mtd_write(imagefd, device, fis_layout, part_offset);
728 break;
729 case CMD_JFFS2WRITE:
730 if (!unlocked)
731 mtd_unlock(device);
732 mtd_write_jffs2(device, imagefile, jffs2dir);
733 break;
734 case CMD_REFRESH:
735 mtd_refresh(device);
736 break;
737 case CMD_FIXTRX:
738 if (mtd_fixtrx) {
739 mtd_fixtrx(device, offset);
740 }
741 break;
742 }
743
744 sync();
745
746 if (boot)
747 do_reboot();
748
749 return 0;
750 }