--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * A tool for reading the TFFS partitions (a name-value storage usually
+ * found in AVM Fritz!Box based devices) on nand flash.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2018 Valentin Spreckels <Valentin.Spreckels@Informatik.Uni-Oldenburg.DE>
+ *
+ * Based on the fritz_tffs_read tool:
+ * Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Martin Blumenstingl <martin.blumenstingl@googlemail.com>
+ * and on the TFFS 2.0 kernel driver from AVM:
+ * Copyright (c) 2004-2007 AVM GmbH <fritzbox_info@avm.de>
+ * and the TFFS 3.0 kernel driver from AVM:
+ * Copyright (C) 2004-2014 AVM GmbH <fritzbox_info@avm.de>
+ * and the OpenWrt TFFS kernel driver:
+ * Copyright (c) 2013 John Crispin <john@phrozen.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ */
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <endian.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <mtd/mtd-user.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#define DEFAULT_TFFS_SIZE (256 * 1024)
+
+#define TFFS_ID_END 0xffffffff
+#define TFFS_ID_TABLE_NAME 0x000001ff
+
+#define TFFS_BLOCK_HEADER_MAGIC 0x41564d5f54464653ULL
+#define TFFS_VERSION 0x0003
+#define TFFS_ENTRY_HEADER_SIZE 0x18
+#define TFFS_MAXIMUM_SEGMENT_SIZE (0x800 - TFFS_ENTRY_HEADER_SIZE)
+
+#define TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE 0x0800
+#define TFFS_SECTOR_OOB_SIZE 0x0040
+#define TFFS_SECTORS_PER_PAGE 2
+
+#define TFFS_SEGMENT_CLEARED 0xffffffff
+
+static char *progname;
+static char *mtddev;
+static char *name_filter = NULL;
+static bool show_all = false;
+static bool print_all_key_names = false;
+static bool swap_bytes = false;
+static uint8_t readbuf[TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE];
+static uint8_t oobbuf[TFFS_SECTOR_OOB_SIZE];
+static uint32_t blocksize;
+static int mtdfd;
+struct tffs_sectors *sectors;
+
+struct tffs_sectors {
+ uint32_t num_sectors;
+ uint8_t sectors[0];
+};
+
+static inline void sector_mark_bad(int num)
+{
+ sectors->sectors[num / 8] &= ~(0x80 >> (num % 8));
+};
+
+static inline uint8_t sector_get_good(int num)
+{
+ return sectors->sectors[num / 8] & 0x80 >> (num % 8);
+};
+
+struct tffs_entry_segment {
+ uint32_t len;
+ void *val;
+};
+
+struct tffs_entry {
+ uint32_t len;
+ void *val;
+};
+
+struct tffs_name_table_entry {
+ uint32_t id;
+ char *val;
+};
+
+struct tffs_key_name_table {
+ uint32_t size;
+ struct tffs_name_table_entry *entries;
+};
+
+static inline uint8_t read_uint8(void *buf, ptrdiff_t off)
+{
+ return *(uint8_t *)(buf + off);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t read_uint32(void *buf, ptrdiff_t off)
+{
+ uint32_t tmp = *(uint32_t *)(buf + off);
+ if (swap_bytes) {
+ tmp = be32toh(tmp);
+ }
+ return tmp;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t read_uint64(void *buf, ptrdiff_t off)
+{
+ uint64_t tmp = *(uint64_t *)(buf + off);
+ if (swap_bytes) {
+ tmp = be64toh(tmp);
+ }
+ return tmp;
+}
+
+static int read_sector(off_t pos)
+{
+ if (pread(mtdfd, readbuf, TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE, pos) != TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_sectoroob(off_t pos)
+{
+ struct mtd_oob_buf oob = {
+ .start = pos,
+ .length = TFFS_SECTOR_OOB_SIZE,
+ .ptr = oobbuf
+ };
+
+ if (ioctl(mtdfd, MEMREADOOB, &oob) < 0) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t get_walk_size(uint32_t entry_len)
+{
+ return (entry_len + 3) & ~0x03;
+}
+
+static void print_entry_value(const struct tffs_entry *entry)
+{
+ /* These are NOT NULL terminated. */
+ fwrite(entry->val, 1, entry->len, stdout);
+}
+
+static int find_entry(uint32_t id, struct tffs_entry *entry)
+{
+ uint32_t rev = 0;
+ uint32_t num_segments = 0;
+ struct tffs_entry_segment *segments = NULL;
+
+ off_t pos = 0;
+ uint8_t block_end = 0;
+ for (uint32_t sector = 0; sector < sectors->num_sectors; sector++, pos += TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE) {
+ if (block_end) {
+ if (pos % blocksize == 0) {
+ block_end = 0;
+ }
+ } else if (sector_get_good(sector)) {
+ if (read_sectoroob(pos) || read_sector(pos)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: sector isn't readable, but has been previously!\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ uint32_t oob_id = read_uint32(oobbuf, 0x02);
+ uint32_t oob_len = read_uint32(oobbuf, 0x06);
+ uint32_t oob_rev = read_uint32(oobbuf, 0x0a);
+ uint32_t read_id = read_uint32(readbuf, 0x00);
+ uint32_t read_len = read_uint32(readbuf, 0x04);
+ uint32_t read_rev = read_uint32(readbuf, 0x0c);
+ if (oob_id != read_id || oob_len != read_len || oob_rev != read_rev) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: sector has inconsistent metadata\n");
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (read_id == TFFS_ID_END) {
+ /* no more entries in this block */
+ block_end = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (read_len > TFFS_MAXIMUM_SEGMENT_SIZE) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: segment is longer than possible\n");
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (read_id == id) {
+ if (read_rev < rev) {
+ /* obsolete revision => ignore this */
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (read_rev > rev) {
+ /* newer revision => clear old data */
+ for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_segments; i++) {
+ free(segments[i].val);
+ }
+ free (segments);
+ rev = read_rev;
+ num_segments = 0;
+ segments = NULL;
+ }
+
+ uint32_t seg = read_uint32(readbuf, 0x10);
+
+ if (seg == TFFS_SEGMENT_CLEARED) {
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ uint32_t next_seg = read_uint32(readbuf, 0x14);
+
+ uint32_t new_num_segs = next_seg == 0 ? seg + 1 : next_seg + 1;
+ if (new_num_segs > num_segments) {
+ segments = realloc(segments, new_num_segs * sizeof(struct tffs_entry_segment));
+ memset(segments + (num_segments * sizeof(struct tffs_entry_segment)), 0x0,
+ (new_num_segs - num_segments) * sizeof(struct tffs_entry_segment));
+ num_segments = new_num_segs;
+ }
+ segments[seg].len = read_len;
+ segments[seg].val = malloc(read_len);
+ memcpy(segments[seg].val, readbuf + TFFS_ENTRY_HEADER_SIZE, read_len);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (num_segments == 0) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ assert (segments != NULL);
+
+ uint32_t len = 0;
+ for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_segments; i++) {
+ if (segments[i].val == NULL) {
+ /* missing segment */
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ len += segments[i].len;
+ }
+
+ void *p = malloc(len);
+ entry->val = p;
+ entry->len = len;
+ for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_segments; i++) {
+ memcpy(p, segments[i].val, segments[i].len);
+ p += segments[i].len;
+ }
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static void parse_key_names(struct tffs_entry *names_entry,
+ struct tffs_key_name_table *key_names)
+{
+ uint32_t pos = 0, i = 0;
+ struct tffs_name_table_entry *name_item;
+
+ key_names->entries = NULL;
+
+ do {
+ key_names->entries = realloc(key_names->entries,
+ sizeof(struct tffs_name_table_entry) * (i + 1));
+ if (key_names->entries == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: memory allocation failed!\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ name_item = &key_names->entries[i];
+
+ name_item->id = read_uint32(names_entry->val, pos);
+ pos += sizeof(uint32_t);
+ name_item->val = strdup((const char *)(names_entry->val + pos));
+
+ /*
+ * There is no "length" field because the string values are
+ * simply NULL-terminated -> strlen() gives us the size.
+ */
+ pos += get_walk_size(strlen(name_item->val) + 1);
+
+ ++i;
+ } while (pos < names_entry->len);
+
+ key_names->size = i;
+}
+
+static void show_all_key_names(struct tffs_key_name_table *key_names)
+{
+ for (uint32_t i = 0; i < key_names->size; i++)
+ printf("%s\n", key_names->entries[i].val);
+}
+
+static int show_all_key_value_pairs(struct tffs_key_name_table *key_names)
+{
+ uint8_t has_value = 0;
+ struct tffs_entry tmp;
+
+ for (uint32_t i = 0; i < key_names->size; i++) {
+ if (find_entry(key_names->entries[i].id, &tmp)) {
+ printf("%s=", (const char *)key_names->entries[i].val);
+ print_entry_value(&tmp);
+ printf("\n");
+ has_value++;
+ free(tmp.val);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!has_value) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: no values found!\n");
+ return EXIT_FAILURE;
+ }
+
+ return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int show_matching_key_value(struct tffs_key_name_table *key_names)
+{
+ struct tffs_entry tmp;
+ const char *name;
+
+ for (uint32_t i = 0; i < key_names->size; i++) {
+ name = key_names->entries[i].val;
+
+ if (strncmp(name, name_filter, strlen(name)) == 0) {
+ if (find_entry(key_names->entries[i].id, &tmp)) {
+ print_entry_value(&tmp);
+ printf("\n");
+ free(tmp.val);
+ return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+ } else {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "ERROR: no value found for name %s!\n",
+ name);
+ return EXIT_FAILURE;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Unknown key name %s!\n", name_filter);
+ return EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+
+static int check_sector(off_t pos)
+{
+ if (read_sectoroob(pos)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if (read_uint8(oobbuf, 0x00) != 0xff) {
+ /* block is bad */
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if (read_uint8(oobbuf, 0x01) != 0xff) {
+ /* sector is bad */
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int check_block(off_t pos, uint32_t sector)
+{
+ if (!check_sector(pos)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if (read_sector(pos)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if (read_uint64(readbuf, 0x00) != TFFS_BLOCK_HEADER_MAGIC) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: block without magic header. Skipping block\n");
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if (read_uint32(readbuf, 0x0c) != TFFS_SECTORS_PER_PAGE) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: block with wrong number of sectors per page. Skipping block\n");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ uint32_t num_hdr_bad = read_uint32(readbuf, 0x0c);
+ for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_hdr_bad; i++) {
+ uint32_t bad = sector + read_uint64(readbuf, 0x1c + sizeof(uint64_t)*i);
+ sector_mark_bad(bad);
+ }
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int scan_mtd(void)
+{
+ struct mtd_info_user info;
+
+ if (ioctl(mtdfd, MEMGETINFO, &info)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ blocksize = info.erasesize;
+
+ sectors = malloc(sizeof(*sectors) + (info.size / TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE + 7) / 8);
+ if (sectors == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: memory allocation failed!\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ sectors->num_sectors = info.size / TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE;
+ memset(sectors->sectors, 0xff, (info.size / TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE + 7) / 8);
+
+ uint32_t sector = 0, valid_blocks = 0;
+ uint8_t block_ok = 0;
+ for (off_t pos = 0; pos < info.size; sector++, pos += TFFS_SECTOR_SIZE) {
+ if (pos % info.erasesize == 0) {
+ block_ok = check_block(pos, sector);
+ /* first sector of the block contains metadata
+ => handle it like a bad sector */
+ sector_mark_bad(sector);
+ if (block_ok) {
+ valid_blocks++;
+ }
+ } else if (!block_ok || !sector_get_good(sector) || !check_sector(pos)) {
+ sector_mark_bad(sector);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return valid_blocks;
+}
+
+static void usage(int status)
+{
+ FILE *stream = (status != EXIT_SUCCESS) ? stderr : stdout;
+
+ fprintf(stream, "Usage: %s [OPTIONS...]\n", progname);
+ fprintf(stream,
+ "\n"
+ "Options:\n"
+ " -a list all key value pairs found in the TFFS file/device\n"
+ " -d <mtd> inspect the TFFS on mtd device <mtd>\n"
+ " -h show this screen\n"
+ " -l list all supported keys\n"
+ " -n <key name> display the value of the given key\n"
+ );
+
+ exit(status);
+}
+
+static void parse_options(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ while (1) {
+ int c;
+
+ c = getopt(argc, argv, "abd:hln:");
+ if (c == -1)
+ break;
+
+ switch (c) {
+ case 'a':
+ show_all = true;
+ name_filter = NULL;
+ print_all_key_names = false;
+ break;
+ case 'b':
+ swap_bytes = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'd':
+ mtddev = optarg;
+ break;
+ case 'h':
+ usage(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ break;
+ case 'l':
+ print_all_key_names = true;
+ show_all = false;
+ name_filter = NULL;
+ break;
+ case 'n':
+ name_filter = optarg;
+ show_all = false;
+ print_all_key_names = false;
+ break;
+ default:
+ usage(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!mtddev) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No input file (-d <file>) given!\n");
+ usage(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+
+ if (!show_all && !name_filter && !print_all_key_names) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "ERROR: either -l, -a or -n <key name> is required!\n");
+ usage(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ struct tffs_entry name_table;
+ struct tffs_key_name_table key_names;
+
+ progname = basename(argv[0]);
+
+ parse_options(argc, argv);
+
+ mtdfd = open(mtddev, O_RDONLY);
+ if (mtdfd < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Failed to open tffs device %s\n",
+ mtddev);
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (!scan_mtd()) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Parsing blocks from tffs device %s failed\n", mtddev);
+ fprintf(stderr, " Is byte-swapping (-b) required?\n");
+ goto out_close;
+ }
+
+ if (!find_entry(TFFS_ID_TABLE_NAME, &name_table)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No name table found on tffs device %s\n",
+ mtddev);
+ goto out_free_sectors;
+ }
+
+ parse_key_names(&name_table, &key_names);
+ if (key_names.size < 1) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: No name table found on tffs device %s\n",
+ mtddev);
+ goto out_free_entry;
+ }
+
+ if (print_all_key_names) {
+ show_all_key_names(&key_names);
+ ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+ } else if (show_all) {
+ ret = show_all_key_value_pairs(&key_names);
+ } else {
+ ret = show_matching_key_value(&key_names);
+ }
+
+ free(key_names.entries);
+out_free_entry:
+ free(name_table.val);
+out_free_sectors:
+ free(sectors);
+out_close:
+ close(mtdfd);
+out:
+ return ret;
+}
projects / openwrt / staging / thess.git / commitdiff