ndp: Enable ping6 keep-alive
[project/odhcpd.git] / src / ndp.c
1 /**
2 * Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Steven Barth <steven@midlink.org>
3 *
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2 as published by
6 * the Free Software Foundation.
7 *
8 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
9 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
10 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
11 * GNU General Public License for more details.
12 *
13 */
14
15 #include <stdio.h>
16 #include <stdlib.h>
17 #include <signal.h>
18 #include <errno.h>
19
20 #include <arpa/inet.h>
21 #include <sys/socket.h>
22 #include <net/ethernet.h>
23 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
24 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
25 #include <netpacket/packet.h>
26
27 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
28 #include <linux/filter.h>
29 #include "router.h"
30 #include "ndp.h"
31
32
33
34 static void handle_solicit(void *addr, void *data, size_t len,
35 struct interface *iface);
36 static void handle_rtnetlink(void *addr, void *data, size_t len,
37 struct interface *iface);
38 static struct ndp_neighbor* find_neighbor(struct in6_addr *addr, bool strict);
39 static void modify_neighbor(struct in6_addr *addr, struct interface *iface,
40 bool add);
41 static ssize_t ping6(struct in6_addr *addr,
42 const struct interface *iface);
43
44 static struct list_head neighbors = LIST_HEAD_INIT(neighbors);
45 static size_t neighbor_count = 0;
46 static uint32_t rtnl_seqid = 0;
47
48 static int ping_socket = -1;
49 static struct odhcpd_event ndp_event = {{.fd = -1}, handle_solicit};
50 static struct odhcpd_event rtnl_event = {{.fd = -1}, handle_rtnetlink};
51
52
53 // Filter ICMPv6 messages of type neighbor soliciation
54 static struct sock_filter bpf[] = {
55 BPF_STMT(BPF_LD | BPF_B | BPF_ABS, offsetof(struct ip6_hdr, ip6_nxt)),
56 BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K, IPPROTO_ICMPV6, 0, 3),
57 BPF_STMT(BPF_LD | BPF_B | BPF_ABS, sizeof(struct ip6_hdr) +
58 offsetof(struct icmp6_hdr, icmp6_type)),
59 BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K, ND_NEIGHBOR_SOLICIT, 0, 1),
60 BPF_STMT(BPF_RET | BPF_K, 0xffffffff),
61 BPF_STMT(BPF_RET | BPF_K, 0),
62 };
63 static const struct sock_fprog bpf_prog = {sizeof(bpf) / sizeof(*bpf), bpf};
64
65
66 // Initialize NDP-proxy
67 int init_ndp(void)
68 {
69 // Setup netlink socket
70 if ((rtnl_event.uloop.fd = odhcpd_open_rtnl()) < 0)
71 return -1;
72
73 // Receive netlink neighbor and ip-address events
74 uint32_t group = RTNLGRP_IPV6_IFADDR;
75 setsockopt(rtnl_event.uloop.fd, SOL_NETLINK,
76 NETLINK_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, &group, sizeof(group));
77 group = RTNLGRP_IPV6_ROUTE;
78 setsockopt(rtnl_event.uloop.fd, SOL_NETLINK,
79 NETLINK_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, &group, sizeof(group));
80
81 // Synthesize initial address events
82 struct {
83 struct nlmsghdr nh;
84 struct ifaddrmsg ifa;
85 } req2 = {
86 {sizeof(req2), RTM_GETADDR, NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_DUMP,
87 ++rtnl_seqid, 0},
88 {.ifa_family = AF_INET6}
89 };
90 send(rtnl_event.uloop.fd, &req2, sizeof(req2), MSG_DONTWAIT);
91 odhcpd_register(&rtnl_event);
92
93
94 // Create socket for intercepting NDP
95 int sock = socket(AF_PACKET, SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK,
96 htons(ETH_P_ALL)); // ETH_P_ALL for ingress + egress
97 if (sock < 0) {
98 syslog(LOG_ERR, "Unable to open packet socket: %s",
99 strerror(errno));
100 return -1;
101 }
102
103 if (setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER,
104 &bpf_prog, sizeof(bpf_prog))) {
105 syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to set BPF: %s", strerror(errno));
106 return -1;
107 }
108
109 ndp_event.uloop.fd = sock;
110 odhcpd_register(&ndp_event);
111
112 // Open ICMPv6 socket
113 ping_socket = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW | SOCK_CLOEXEC, IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
114
115 int val = 2;
116 setsockopt(ping_socket, IPPROTO_RAW, IPV6_CHECKSUM, &val, sizeof(val));
117
118 // This is required by RFC 4861
119 val = 255;
120 setsockopt(ping_socket, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS, &val, sizeof(val));
121 setsockopt(ping_socket, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS, &val, sizeof(val));
122
123 // Filter all packages, we only want to send
124 struct icmp6_filter filt;
125 ICMP6_FILTER_SETBLOCKALL(&filt);
126 setsockopt(ping_socket, IPPROTO_ICMPV6, ICMP6_FILTER, &filt, sizeof(filt));
127
128
129 // Netlink socket, continued...
130 group = RTNLGRP_NEIGH;
131 setsockopt(rtnl_event.uloop.fd, SOL_NETLINK, NETLINK_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, &group, sizeof(group));
132
133 // Synthesize initial neighbor events
134 struct {
135 struct nlmsghdr nh;
136 struct ndmsg ndm;
137 } req = {
138 {sizeof(req), RTM_GETNEIGH, NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_DUMP,
139 ++rtnl_seqid, 0},
140 {.ndm_family = AF_INET6}
141 };
142 send(rtnl_event.uloop.fd, &req, sizeof(req), MSG_DONTWAIT);
143
144 return 0;
145 }
146
147
148 int setup_ndp_interface(struct interface *iface, bool enable)
149 {
150 struct packet_mreq mreq = {iface->ifindex, PACKET_MR_ALLMULTI, ETH_ALEN, {0}};
151 setsockopt(ndp_event.uloop.fd, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_DROP_MEMBERSHIP, &mreq, sizeof(mreq));
152
153 struct ndp_neighbor *c, *n;
154 list_for_each_entry_safe(c, n, &neighbors, head)
155 if (c->iface == iface && (c->timeout == 0 || iface->ndp != RELAYD_RELAY || !enable))
156 modify_neighbor(&c->addr, c->iface, false);
157
158 if (enable && iface->ndp == RELAYD_RELAY) {
159 setsockopt(ndp_event.uloop.fd, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, &mreq, sizeof(mreq));
160
161 if (iface->static_ndp_len) {
162 char *entry = alloca(iface->static_ndp_len), *saveptr;
163 if (!entry) {
164 syslog(LOG_ERR, "Alloca failed for static NDP list");
165 return -1;
166 }
167 memcpy(entry, iface->static_ndp, iface->static_ndp_len);
168
169 for (entry = strtok_r(entry, " ", &saveptr); entry; entry = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &saveptr)) {
170 struct ndp_neighbor *n = malloc(sizeof(*n));
171 if (!n) {
172 syslog(LOG_ERR, "Malloc failed for static NDP-prefix %s", entry);
173 return -1;
174 }
175
176 n->iface = iface;
177 n->timeout = 0;
178
179 char ipbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
180 if (sscanf(entry, "%45s/%hhu", ipbuf, &n->len) < 2
181 || n->len > 128 || inet_pton(AF_INET6, ipbuf, &n->addr) != 1) {
182 syslog(LOG_ERR, "Invalid static NDP-prefix %s", entry);
183 return -1;
184 }
185
186 list_add(&n->head, &neighbors);
187 }
188 }
189 }
190
191 return 0;
192 }
193
194
195 // Send an ICMP-ECHO. This is less for actually pinging but for the
196 // neighbor cache to be kept up-to-date.
197 static ssize_t ping6(struct in6_addr *addr,
198 const struct interface *iface)
199 {
200 struct sockaddr_in6 dest = {AF_INET6, 0, 0, *addr, 0};
201 struct icmp6_hdr echo = {.icmp6_type = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST};
202 struct iovec iov = {&echo, sizeof(echo)};
203
204 // Linux seems to not honor IPV6_PKTINFO on raw-sockets, so work around
205 setsockopt(ping_socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE,
206 iface->ifname, sizeof(iface->ifname));
207 return odhcpd_send(ping_socket, &dest, &iov, 1, iface);
208 }
209
210
211 // Handle solicitations
212 static void handle_solicit(void *addr, void *data, size_t len,
213 struct interface *iface)
214 {
215 struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = data;
216 struct nd_neighbor_solicit *req = (struct nd_neighbor_solicit*)&ip6[1];
217 struct sockaddr_ll *ll = addr;
218
219 // Solicitation is for duplicate address detection
220 bool ns_is_dad = IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&ip6->ip6_src);
221
222 // Don't forward any non-DAD solicitation for external ifaces
223 // TODO: check if we should even forward DADs for them
224 if (iface->external && !ns_is_dad)
225 return;
226
227 if (len < sizeof(*ip6) + sizeof(*req))
228 return; // Invalid reqicitation
229
230 if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&req->nd_ns_target) ||
231 IN6_IS_ADDR_LOOPBACK(&req->nd_ns_target) ||
232 IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&req->nd_ns_target))
233 return; // Invalid target
234
235 char ipbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
236 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &req->nd_ns_target, ipbuf, sizeof(ipbuf));
237 syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "Got a NS for %s", ipbuf);
238
239 uint8_t mac[6];
240 odhcpd_get_mac(iface, mac);
241 if (!memcmp(ll->sll_addr, mac, sizeof(mac)) &&
242 ll->sll_pkttype != PACKET_OUTGOING)
243 return; // Looped back
244
245 time_t now = time(NULL);
246
247 struct ndp_neighbor *n = find_neighbor(&req->nd_ns_target, false);
248 if (n && (n->iface || abs(n->timeout - now) < 5)) {
249 syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%s is on %s", ipbuf,
250 (n->iface) ? n->iface->ifname : "<pending>");
251 if (!n->iface || n->iface == iface)
252 return;
253
254 // Found on other interface, answer with advertisement
255 struct {
256 struct nd_neighbor_advert body;
257 struct nd_opt_hdr opt_ll_hdr;
258 uint8_t mac[6];
259 } advert = {
260 .body = {
261 .nd_na_hdr = {ND_NEIGHBOR_ADVERT,
262 0, 0, {{0}}},
263 .nd_na_target = req->nd_ns_target,
264 },
265 .opt_ll_hdr = {ND_OPT_TARGET_LINKADDR, 1},
266 };
267
268 memcpy(advert.mac, mac, sizeof(advert.mac));
269 advert.body.nd_na_flags_reserved = ND_NA_FLAG_ROUTER |
270 ND_NA_FLAG_SOLICITED;
271
272 struct sockaddr_in6 dest = {AF_INET6, 0, 0, ALL_IPV6_NODES, 0};
273 if (!ns_is_dad) // If not DAD, then unicast to source
274 dest.sin6_addr = ip6->ip6_src;
275
276 // Linux seems to not honor IPV6_PKTINFO on raw-sockets, so work around
277 setsockopt(ping_socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE,
278 iface->ifname, sizeof(iface->ifname));
279 struct iovec iov = {&advert, sizeof(advert)};
280 odhcpd_send(ping_socket, &dest, &iov, 1, iface);
281 } else {
282 // Send echo to all other interfaces to see where target is on
283 // This will trigger neighbor discovery which is what we want.
284 // We will observe the neighbor cache to see results.
285
286 ssize_t sent = 0;
287 struct interface *c;
288 list_for_each_entry(c, &interfaces, head)
289 if (iface->ndp == RELAYD_RELAY && iface != c &&
290 (!ns_is_dad || !c->external == false))
291 sent += ping6(&req->nd_ns_target, c);
292
293 if (sent > 0) // Sent a ping, add pending neighbor entry
294 modify_neighbor(&req->nd_ns_target, NULL, true);
295 }
296 }
297
298
299 void odhcpd_setup_route(const struct in6_addr *addr, int prefixlen,
300 const struct interface *iface, const struct in6_addr *gw, bool add)
301 {
302 struct req {
303 struct nlmsghdr nh;
304 struct rtmsg rtm;
305 struct rtattr rta_dst;
306 struct in6_addr dst_addr;
307 struct rtattr rta_oif;
308 uint32_t ifindex;
309 struct rtattr rta_table;
310 uint32_t table;
311 struct rtattr rta_gw;
312 struct in6_addr gw;
313 } req = {
314 {sizeof(req), 0, NLM_F_REQUEST, ++rtnl_seqid, 0},
315 {AF_INET6, prefixlen, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
316 {sizeof(struct rtattr) + sizeof(struct in6_addr), RTA_DST},
317 *addr,
318 {sizeof(struct rtattr) + sizeof(uint32_t), RTA_OIF},
319 iface->ifindex,
320 {sizeof(struct rtattr) + sizeof(uint32_t), RTA_TABLE},
321 RT_TABLE_MAIN,
322 {sizeof(struct rtattr) + sizeof(struct in6_addr), RTA_GATEWAY},
323 IN6ADDR_ANY_INIT,
324 };
325
326 if (gw)
327 req.gw = *gw;
328
329 if (add) {
330 req.nh.nlmsg_type = RTM_NEWROUTE;
331 req.nh.nlmsg_flags |= (NLM_F_CREATE | NLM_F_REPLACE);
332 req.rtm.rtm_protocol = RTPROT_BOOT;
333 req.rtm.rtm_scope = (gw) ? RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE : RT_SCOPE_LINK;
334 req.rtm.rtm_type = RTN_UNICAST;
335 } else {
336 req.nh.nlmsg_type = RTM_DELROUTE;
337 req.rtm.rtm_scope = RT_SCOPE_NOWHERE;
338 }
339
340 size_t reqlen = (gw) ? sizeof(req) : offsetof(struct req, rta_gw);
341 send(rtnl_event.uloop.fd, &req, reqlen, MSG_DONTWAIT);
342 }
343
344 // Use rtnetlink to modify kernel routes
345 static void setup_route(struct in6_addr *addr, struct interface *iface,
346 bool add)
347 {
348 char namebuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
349 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, addr, namebuf, sizeof(namebuf));
350 syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%s about %s on %s", (add) ? "Learned" : "Forgot",
351 namebuf, (iface) ? iface->ifname : "<pending>");
352
353 if (!iface || !iface->learn_routes)
354 return;
355
356 odhcpd_setup_route(addr, 128, iface, NULL, add);
357 }
358
359 static void free_neighbor(struct ndp_neighbor *n)
360 {
361 setup_route(&n->addr, n->iface, false);
362 list_del(&n->head);
363 free(n);
364 --neighbor_count;
365 }
366
367
368 static bool match_neighbor(struct ndp_neighbor *n, struct in6_addr *addr)
369 {
370 if (n->len <= 32)
371 return ntohl(n->addr.s6_addr32[0]) >> (32 - n->len) ==
372 ntohl(addr->s6_addr32[0]) >> (32 - n->len);
373
374 if (n->addr.s6_addr32[0] != addr->s6_addr32[0])
375 return false;
376
377 if (n->len <= 64)
378 return ntohl(n->addr.s6_addr32[1]) >> (64 - n->len) ==
379 ntohl(addr->s6_addr32[1]) >> (64 - n->len);
380
381 if (n->addr.s6_addr32[1] != addr->s6_addr32[1])
382 return false;
383
384 if (n->len <= 96)
385 return ntohl(n->addr.s6_addr32[2]) >> (96 - n->len) ==
386 ntohl(addr->s6_addr32[2]) >> (96 - n->len);
387
388 if (n->addr.s6_addr32[2] != addr->s6_addr32[2])
389 return false;
390
391 return ntohl(n->addr.s6_addr32[3]) >> (128 - n->len) ==
392 ntohl(addr->s6_addr32[3]) >> (128 - n->len);
393 }
394
395
396 static struct ndp_neighbor* find_neighbor(struct in6_addr *addr, bool strict)
397 {
398 time_t now = time(NULL);
399 struct ndp_neighbor *n, *e;
400 list_for_each_entry_safe(n, e, &neighbors, head) {
401 if ((!strict && match_neighbor(n, addr)) ||
402 (n->len == 128 && IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&n->addr, addr)))
403 return n;
404
405 if (!n->iface && abs(n->timeout - now) >= 5)
406 free_neighbor(n);
407 }
408 return NULL;
409 }
410
411
412 // Modified our own neighbor-entries
413 static void modify_neighbor(struct in6_addr *addr,
414 struct interface *iface, bool add)
415 {
416 if (!addr || (void*)addr == (void*)iface)
417 return;
418
419 struct ndp_neighbor *n = find_neighbor(addr, true);
420 if (!add) { // Delete action
421 if (n && (!n->iface || n->iface == iface))
422 free_neighbor(n);
423 } else if (!n) { // No entry yet, add one if possible
424 if (neighbor_count >= NDP_MAX_NEIGHBORS ||
425 !(n = malloc(sizeof(*n))))
426 return;
427
428 n->len = 128;
429 n->addr = *addr;
430 n->iface = iface;
431 if (!n->iface)
432 time(&n->timeout);
433 list_add(&n->head, &neighbors);
434 ++neighbor_count;
435 setup_route(addr, n->iface, add);
436 } else if (n->iface == iface) {
437 if (!n->iface)
438 time(&n->timeout);
439 } else if (iface && (!n->iface ||
440 (!iface->external && n->iface->external))) {
441 setup_route(addr, n->iface, false);
442 n->iface = iface;
443 setup_route(addr, n->iface, add);
444 }
445 // TODO: In case a host switches interfaces we might want
446 // to set its old neighbor entry to NUD_STALE and ping it
447 // on the old interface to confirm if the MACs match.
448 }
449
450
451 // Handler for neighbor cache entries from the kernel. This is our source
452 // to learn and unlearn hosts on interfaces.
453 static void handle_rtnetlink(_unused void *addr, void *data, size_t len,
454 _unused struct interface *iface)
455 {
456 for (struct nlmsghdr *nh = data; NLMSG_OK(nh, len);
457 nh = NLMSG_NEXT(nh, len)) {
458 struct rtmsg *rtm = NLMSG_DATA(nh);
459 if ((nh->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWROUTE ||
460 nh->nlmsg_type == RTM_DELROUTE) &&
461 rtm->rtm_dst_len == 0)
462 raise(SIGUSR1); // Inform about a change in default route
463
464 struct ndmsg *ndm = NLMSG_DATA(nh);
465 struct ifaddrmsg *ifa = NLMSG_DATA(nh);
466 if (nh->nlmsg_type != RTM_NEWNEIGH
467 && nh->nlmsg_type != RTM_DELNEIGH
468 && nh->nlmsg_type != RTM_NEWADDR
469 && nh->nlmsg_type != RTM_DELADDR)
470 continue; // Unrelated message type
471 bool is_addr = (nh->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWADDR
472 || nh->nlmsg_type == RTM_DELADDR);
473
474 // Family and ifindex are on the same offset for NEIGH and ADDR
475 if (NLMSG_PAYLOAD(nh, 0) < sizeof(*ndm)
476 || ndm->ndm_family != AF_INET6)
477 continue; //
478
479 // Lookup interface
480 struct interface *iface;
481 if (!(iface = odhcpd_get_interface_by_index(ndm->ndm_ifindex)))
482 continue;
483
484 // Data to retrieve
485 size_t rta_offset = (is_addr) ? sizeof(*ifa) : sizeof(*ndm);
486 uint16_t atype = (is_addr) ? IFA_ADDRESS : NDA_DST;
487 ssize_t alen = NLMSG_PAYLOAD(nh, rta_offset);
488 struct in6_addr *addr = NULL;
489
490 for (struct rtattr *rta = (void*)(((uint8_t*)ndm) + rta_offset);
491 RTA_OK(rta, alen); rta = RTA_NEXT(rta, alen))
492 if (rta->rta_type == atype &&
493 RTA_PAYLOAD(rta) >= sizeof(*addr))
494 addr = RTA_DATA(rta);
495
496 // Address not specified or unrelated
497 if (!addr || IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(addr) ||
498 IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(addr))
499 continue;
500
501 // Check for states
502 bool add;
503 if (is_addr)
504 add = (nh->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWADDR);
505 else
506 add = (nh->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWNEIGH && (ndm->ndm_state &
507 (NUD_REACHABLE | NUD_STALE | NUD_DELAY | NUD_PROBE
508 | NUD_PERMANENT | NUD_NOARP)));
509
510 if (iface->ndp == RELAYD_RELAY)
511 modify_neighbor(addr, iface, add);
512
513 if (is_addr && iface->ra == RELAYD_SERVER)
514 raise(SIGUSR1); // Inform about a change in addresses
515
516 if (is_addr && iface->dhcpv6 == RELAYD_SERVER)
517 iface->ia_reconf = true;
518
519 if (iface->ndp == RELAYD_RELAY && is_addr && iface->master) {
520 // Replay address changes on all slave interfaces
521 nh->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
522
523 if (nh->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWADDR)
524 nh->nlmsg_flags |= NLM_F_CREATE | NLM_F_REPLACE;
525
526 struct interface *c;
527 list_for_each_entry(c, &interfaces, head) {
528 if (c->ndp == RELAYD_RELAY && !c->master) {
529 ifa->ifa_index = c->ifindex;
530 send(rtnl_event.uloop.fd, nh, nh->nlmsg_len, MSG_DONTWAIT);
531 }
532 }
533 }
534
535 /* TODO: See if this is required for optimal operation
536 // Keep neighbor entries alive so we don't loose routes
537 */
538 if (add && (ndm->ndm_state & NUD_STALE))
539 ping6(addr, iface);
540 }
541 }